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  • Hazards, Exposure, and Vulnerabilities From Actual

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    Jaine Luz
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    This document defines key concepts related to hazards, exposure, and vulnerability. It explains that hazards can be natural or man-made events that cause harm. Exposure refers to people and assets that could be affected by a hazard. Vulnerability depends on a community's ability to prepare for and withstand hazards based on factors like infrastructure and social support. The risk of disasters increases where there are hazards, exposure to those hazards, and vulnerability.

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    Hazards, Exposure, And Vulnerabilities From Actual

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    This document defines key concepts related to hazards, exposure, and vulnerability. It explains that hazards can be natural or man-made events that cause harm. Exposure refers to people and assets that could be affected by a hazard. Vulnerability depends on a community's ability to prepare for and withstand hazards based on factors like infrastructure and social support. The risk of disasters increases where there are hazards, exposure to those hazards, and vulnerability.

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    13 views37 pages

    Hazards, Exposure, and Vulnerabilities From Actual

    Uploaded by

    Jaine Luz
    This document defines key concepts related to hazards, exposure, and vulnerability. It explains that hazards can be natural or man-made events that cause harm. Exposure refers to people and assets that could be affected by a hazard. Vulnerability depends on a community's ability to prepare for and withstand hazards based on factors like infrastructure and social support. The risk of disasters increases where there are hazards, exposure to those hazards, and vulnerability.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 37

    HAZARDS,

    EXPOSURE, AND
    VULNERABILITIE
    S FROM ACTUAL
    SITUATIONS
    12 - DRRR
    AT THE END OF THE
    LESSON
    LESSON, I CAN:
    OBJECTIVES
    • define hazards, exposure, and
    vulnerabilities;

    • explain the difference among


    hazards, exposure, and
    vulnerabilities;
    AT THE END OF THE
    LESSON LESSON, I CAN:
    OBJECTIVES
    • appreciate the importance of
    understanding the concepts
    about hazard, exposure and
    vulnerabilities so that it will be
    applied in everyday situations.
    SHORT
    EXERCISE
    ARRANGE THE JUMBLED
    LETTERS TO FORM A WORD
    OR PHRASE. WRITE YOUR
    ANSWERS IN A 1/8 SHEET
    OF PAPER
    GUTRODH
    ORNEDOSAT
    CITOVERDAIA
    ISNSOIMES
    HOPYSTNO
    CNIRYLSEIE
    QUESTIONS:
    1. What is the hazard shown
    in the picture?
    2. Which area is exposed to
    hazard?
    3. What do you think is the
    cause of this incident?
    4. Which part in the
    presented image will be
    least likely affected?
    is a harmful condition,

    HAZARD substance, human behavior or


    condition that can cause loss of
    life, injury or other health
    effects, harm to property, loss
    of livelihood and services,
    social and economic disruption
    or damage to the environment.
    TYPES OF HAZARD:

    HAZARD NATURAL HAZARDS – THOSE


    THAT ARE CAUSED BY PHYSICAL
    AND BIOLOGICAL ELEMENTS IN
    THE ENVIRONMENT;
    • EARTHQUAKES

    • TYPHOONS

    • TORNADOES

    • TSUNAMIS

    • WILDFIRES
    TYPES OF HAZARD:

    HAZARD MAN-MADE HAZARD–


    ALSO CALLED
    TECHNOLOGICAL HAZARDS,
    THOSE CAUSED BY FACTORS
    THAT ARE TRACED TO HUMAN
    ERRORS, INTENT OR
    NEGLIGENCE, OR GLITCHES
    IN TECHNOLOGY;
    TYPES OF HAZARD:

    HAZARD MAN-MADE HAZARD:


    • BOMB EXPLOSION
    • CHEMICAL SPILLS
    • NUCLEAR PLANT BLASTS
    • RADIOACTIVE EMISSIONS
    • WARS
    is the presence of
    Exposure elements at risk or
    chance of being harmed
    from a natural or man-
    made hazard event.
    Elements include the individuals,

    Exposure households or communities,


    properties, buildings and
    structures, agricultural
    commodities, livelihoods, and
    public facilities, infrastructures
    and environmental assets present
    in an area that are subject to
    potential damage or even losses.
    The more a community
    Exposure is exposed to hazard
    factors, the higher is the
    disaster risk or higher
    chance disaster
    occurrence
    implies the probability of

    RISK possible adverse effects.

    This results from the


    interaction of social and
    environmental systems, from
    the combination of physical
    danger, and exposed item
    vulnerabilities.
    is a serious disruption to the

    Disaster functioning of a community or


    society which causes widespread
    human, material, economic or
    environmental losses that exceed
    the capacity of the community or
    society concerned to cope with
    the use of their own resources.
    It results from the mix of
    Disaster hazards, risk conditions
    and inadequate capability
    or measures.
    Exposure x
    Vulnerability
    Exposure x
    Vulnerability
    • A certain • However, to
    community can be become vulnerable,
    exposed but it does it must be exposed
    not mean that it is to hazard first.
    vulnerable.
    Exposure x
    Vulnerability
    • Exposure to hazard can • Vulnerability depends
    make a community on the preparedness and
    vulnerable, but not all readiness to a hazard of
    communities that are the community.
    exposed to hazard can be
    considered vulnerable.
    Exposure x
    Vulnerability
    • If a certain community has the ability to
    reduce the vulnerability by reducing the risk,
    the said community is already considered as
    less vulnerable or resilient
    ELEMENTS CONSIDERED
    IN THE EXPOSURE OF A
    COMMUNITY TO A
    HAZARD
    Physical
    elements
    Buildings: Urban land use,

    construction types, building height,


    building age, total floor space,
    replacement costs.

    Monuments and cultural heritage


    Population
    Density of population,
    distribution in space,
    distribution in time, age
    distribution, gender
    distribution, handicapped,
    income distribution
    Essential
    facilities
    Emergency shelters, Schools,
    Hospitals, Fire Brigades, Police
    Socio-economic
    aspects
    Organization of population,

    governance, community
    organization, government support,
    socio-economic

    levels.

    Cultural heritage and traditions.


    Transportation
    facilities
    Roads, railway, metro, public
    transportation systems,
    harbor facilities,

    airport facilities.
    Economic
    activities
    Spatial distribution of
    economic activities, input-
    output table, dependency,
    redundancy, unemployment,
    economic production in various
    sectors.
    Life lines

    Water supply, electricity


    supply, gas supply,
    telecommunications, mobile
    telephone network, sewage
    system.
    Environmental
    elements
    Ecosystems, protected areas,
    natural parks, environmentally
    sensitive

    areas, forests, wetlands,


    aquifers, flora, fauna,
    biodiversity.
    mitigation
    Mitigation is the action of
    reducing something's severity,
    seriousness, or painfulness.
    Summary
    Disaster mitigation measures are
    those that eliminate or reduce the
    impacts and risks of hazards by
    means of proactive measures taken
    before an emergency or disaster takes
    place.
    Thank you!

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