INFORMATION

DISSEMINATION
PRESENTED BY: FRANCIS CARL F. PINGGOY
EARTHQUAKE
WHAT IS EARTHQUAKE?
 Earthquake is a sudden and violent
shaking of the ground, sometimes
causing great destruction, as a result of
movements within the earth's crust or
volcanic action.
CAUSE & EFFECT
 Earthquakes are the  The effects from
result of sudden earthquakes
movement along faults include ground
within the Earth. The shaking, surface
movement releases faulting, ground
stored-up energy in the
failure, and less
form of seismic waves,
commonly, tsunamis.
which propagate
through the Earth and
cause the ground surface
to shake.
WHAT TO DO?
 Drop down onto your hands and knees before
the earthquake knocks you down. This
position protects you from falling but allows
you to still move if necessary.
 Cover your head and neck (and your entire

body if possible) underneath a sturdy table or

neck) until the shaking stops. Be prepared to

sinkholes, and fuel and gas lines. The away from utility poles, overhead wires,
greatest danger from falling debris is and under- or overpasses.
just outside doorways and close to outer  Stay in the car and set the parking
walls of buildings. brake. A car may jiggle violently on its
 Go to an open area away from trees, springs, but it is a good place to stay
telephone poles, and buildings. Once in until the shaking stops.
the open, get down low and stay there  Turn on the radio for emergency
until the shaking stops. broadcast information.
 The area near the outside walls of a  When it is safe to begin driving again,
building is the most dangerous place to watch for hazards created by the
be. Windows, facades, and architectural earthquake, such as breaks in the
details are often the first parts of the pavement, downed utility poles and
building to collapse. Stay away from this wires, rising water levels, fallen
danger zone. overpasses, or collapsed bridges.
WHAT TO DO?
AFTER
 Check yourself and others for injuries.
Provide first aid for anyone who needs
it.
 Turn on the radio. Don't use the phone
unless it's an emergency.
 Stay out of damaged buildings.
 Be careful around broken glass and
debris. Wear boots or sturdy shoes to
keep from cutting your feet.
 Stay away from beaches. Tsunamis and
seiches sometimes hit after the ground
has stopped shaking.
 If you're at school or work, follow the
emergency plan or the instructions of
the person in charge.
Expect aftershocks.
COMPARISON OF THE SITUATION
BEFORE AND AFTER THE EARTHQUAKE

BEFORE AFTER
TSUNAMI
WHAT IS TSUNAMI?
 Tsunami is a long high sea wave caused
by an earthquake, submarine landslide,
or other disturbance.
CAUSE & EFFECT
 Tsunami are waves  There are some
caused by sudden devastating effects of a
movement of the ocean tsunami, including the loss
surface due to of life, which can grow into
earthquakes, landslides the hundreds of
thousands.
on the sea floor, land
 The destruction of
slumping into the ocean,
buildings and
large volcanic eruptions
environment.
or meteorite impact in
the ocean.
WHAT TO DO?
BEFORE
 If you live near, or regularly visit a coastal
area, learn about the risk of tsunami in the
area. Some at-risk communities have maps
with evacuation zones and routes. If you are
a visitor, ask about community plans.
 Learn the signs of a potential tsunami, such
as an earthquake, a loud roar from the ocean,
or unusual ocean behaviour, such as a
sudden rise or wall of water or sudden
draining of water showing the ocean floor.
 Know and practice community evacuation
plans and map out your routes from
home, work, and play. Pick shelters 100
feet or more above sea level, or at least
one mile inland.
 Create a family emergency
communication plan that has an out-of-
state contact. Plan where to meet if you
get separated.
WHAT TO DO?
DURING
 If you are in a tsunami area and there is an  Leave immediately if you are told to
earthquake, then first protect yourself from do so. Evacuation routes are often
the earthquake. Drop, Cover, and Hold On.
marked by a wave with an arrow in
Drop to your hands and knees. Cover your
head and neck with your arms. Hold on to
the direction of higher ground.
any sturdy furniture until the shaking stops.  If you are in the water, then grab onto
Crawl only if you can reach better cover, but something that floats, such as a raft,
do not go through an area with more debris. tree trunk, or door.
 When the shaking stops, if there are natural  If you are in a boat, then face the
signs or official warnings of a tsunami, then
move immediately to a safe place as high direction of the waves and head out
and as far inland as possible. Listen to the to sea. If you are in a harbour, then go
authorities, but do not wait for tsunami inland.
warnings and evacuation orders.
 If you are outside of the tsunami hazard
zone and receive a warning, then stay where
you are unless officials tell you otherwise.
WHAT TO DO?
AFTER
 Listen to local alerts and authorities for  Save phone calls for emergencies. Phone
information on areas to avoid and systems are often down or busy after a
shelter locations. disaster. Use text messages or social
 Avoid wading in floodwater, which can media to communicate with family and
contain dangerous debris. Water may be friends.
deeper than it appears.
 Be aware of the risk of electrocution.
Underground or downed power lines
can electrically charge water. Do not
touch electrical equipment if it is wet or
if you are standing in water.
 Stay away from damaged buildings,
roads, and bridges.
 Document property damage with
photographs. Conduct an inventory and
contact your insurance company for
assistance.
COMPARISON OF THE SITUATION
BEFORE AND AFTER THE TSUNAMI

BEFORE AFTER
VOLCANIC ERUPTION
WHAT IS VOLCANIC ERUPTION?
 A volcanic eruption is when lava and gas are
released from a volcano, sometimes explosively. The
most dangerous type of eruption is called a 'glowing
avalanche' which is when freshly erupted magma
flows down the sides of a volcano. They can travel
quickly and reach temperatures of up to 1,200
degrees Fahrenheit.
CAUSE & EFFECT
 When enough magma  Volcanoes spew hot,
builds up in the dangerous gases, ash, lava,
and rock that are powerful
magma chamber, it
and destructive. People
forces its way up to the have died from volcanic
surface and erupts, blasts. Volcanic eruptions
often causing volcanic can result in additional
eruptions. threats to health, such as
floods, mudslides, power
outages, drinking water
contamination, and
wildfires.
WHAT TO DO?
BEFORE
 Know your area’s risk from volcanic
eruption.
 Ask local emergency management for
evacuation and shelter plans, and for
potential means of protection from ash.
 Get necessary supplies in
advance, including non-perishable foods,
cleaning supplies, and water for several
days, in case you have to evacuate
immediately, or if services are cut off.
Keep in mind each person’s specific
needs, including medication. Do not forget
the needs of pets.
 Have a shelter-in-place plan if your
biggest risk is from ash.
 Keep important documents in a safe place.
Create password-protected digital copies.
WHAT TO DO?
DURING
 Listen to alerts. The Volcano  Avoid driving in heavy ash fall.
Notification Service provides up-to-date
information about eruptions.
 Follow evacuation orders from local
authorities. Evacuate early.
 Avoid areas downwind, and river valleys
downstream, of the volcano. Rubble and
ash will be carried by wind and gravity.
 Take temporary shelter from volcanic
ash where you are if you have enough
supplies. Cover ventilation openings and
seal doors and windows.
 If outside, protect yourself from falling
ash that can irritate skin and injure
breathing passages, eyes, and open
wounds. Use a well-fitting, certified face
mask such as an N95.
WHAT TO DO?
AFTER
 Send text messages or use social media
to reach out to family and friends.
Phone systems are often busy after a
disaster. Only make emergency calls.
 Avoid driving in heavy ash. Driving will
stir up volcanic ash that can clog
engines and stall vehicles.
 If you have any breathing problems,
avoid contact with ash. Stay indoors
until authorities say it is safe to go
outside.
 Do not get on your roof to remove ash
unless you have guidance or training. If
you have to remove ash, then be very
careful as ash makes surfaces slippery.
Be careful not to contribute additional
weight to an overloaded roof.
COMPARISON OF THE SITUATION BEFORE
AND AFTER THE VOLCANIC ERUPTION

BEFORE AFTER
 THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING
PRESENTED BY: FRANCIS CARL F. PINGGOY