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  • Intro D U C Tion To PHP: Chapter

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    Mazhar
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    The document provides an introduction to PHP programming concepts including: 1. It describes what PHP is and how PHP files are executed on the server. 2. It explains basic PHP syntax including opening and closing PHP tags, comments, and echo/print statements. 3. It covers creating and using variables, PHP arrays, conditional statements like if/else, and different loop structures like for loops and foreach loops. 4. It also discusses PHP functions and provides examples of how to declare and call functions.

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    The document provides an introduction to PHP programming concepts including: 1. It describes what PHP is and how PHP files are executed on the server. 2. It explains basic PHP syntax including opening and closing PHP tags, comments, and echo/print statements. 3. It covers creating and using variables, PHP arrays, conditional statements like if/else, and different loop structures like for loops and foreach loops. 4. It also discusses PHP functions and provides examples of how to declare and call functions.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    5 views20 pages

    Intro D U C Tion To PHP: Chapter

    Uploaded by

    Mazhar
    The document provides an introduction to PHP programming concepts including: 1. It describes what PHP is and how PHP files are executed on the server. 2. It explains basic PHP syntax including opening and closing PHP tags, comments, and echo/print statements. 3. It covers creating and using variables, PHP arrays, conditional statements like if/else, and different loop structures like for loops and foreach loops. 4. It also discusses PHP functions and provides examples of how to declare and call functions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 20

    University of Bisha

    Faculty of Computing and Information Technology

    Course title and code: Web Development(IT-541)

    Chapter-
    INTRO D U C TIO N TO PH P

    1
    Chapter Contents
    ◾ What PHP?
    ◾ Basic PHP Syntax
    ◾ Comments echo and print Statements
    ◾ Creating (Declaring) Variables
    ◾ PHP Arrays
    ◾ Conditional Statements ( if – else )
    ◾ for Loop
    ◾ foreach Loop
    ◾ Functions

    2
    WHAT IS PHP?
    • PHP stands for PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor

    • PHP is a server-side scripting language

    • PHP scripts are executed on the server

    • PHP supports many databases like (MySQL, Informix, Oracle, Sybase,


    Solid, PostgreSQL, Generic ODBC, etc.)

    • PHP is an open
    source

    3
    WHAT IS A PHP FILE?
    • PHP files may contain text, HTML tags and scripts

    • PHP files are returned to the browser as plain HTML

    • PHP files have a file extension of ".php", ".php3", or ".phtml"


    BASIC
    BASICPHP SYNTAX
    PHP SYNTAX

    ◾ A PHP script can be placed anywhere in the


    document.

    ◾ A PHP script starts with <?php and ends with


    ?>:
    <?php

    // PHP code goes here

    ?>

    ◾ The default file extension for PHP files is ".php".

    ◾ A PHP file normally contains HTML tags, and some PHP scripting
    code.

    5
    COMMENTS IN PHP

    ◾PHP support three kinds of comment tags : 1. //


    ◾ This is a one-line comment

    2. #
    ◾ This is a Unix shell-style comment. It's also a one-line comment

    3. /* ..... */
    ◾ Use this multi line comment if you need to.
    COMMENTS IN PHP - EXAMPLES
    PHP ECHO AN D PRINT STATEMENTS

    ◾ echo and print are both used to output data to the screen.
    ◾ They can be used with or without parentheses: echo or echo()
    ◾ Example: print or print()

    <?php

    echo "<h2> Hello world!

    </h2>"; print "Hello world!";

    print ("Hello world! ");

    ?>

    8
    CREATING (DECLARING) PHP VARIABLES

    • Variables are used for storing values, like text strings, numbers or arrays, etc..

    • When a variable is declared, it can be used over and over again in your script.

    • All variables in PHP start with a $ sign symbol.

    • The correct way of declaring a variable in PHP:

    ◾ $var_name = value;
    PHP VARIABLES

    ◾ Rules for PHP variables:

    • A variable starts with the $ sign (a dollar sign ) , followed by the name of the variable

    • A variable name must start with a letter or the underscore character

    • A variable name cannot start with a number

    • A variable name can only contain alpha-numeric characters and underscores _

    • Variable names are case-sensitive ($age and $AGE are two different variables)
    PHP VARIABLES : EXAMPLE
    P H P Code : Output:
    <?php Hello world!
    $txt = "Hello world!"; 5
    $x = 5; 10.5
    $y = 10.5; Sum of : 5 +
    $z= $x + $y; 10.5 = 15.5

    echo $txt;
    echo "<br>";
    echo $x; Note: To concatenate two or
    echo "<br>"; more variables together, use the
    dot (.) operator
    echo $y;
    echo "<br>";
    echo "Sum
    of : " . $x. "
    + " .$y. " =
    " .$z ;
    ?>
    PHP ARRAYS
    ◾ An array is a special variable, which can hold more than one value at a time.

    P H P Code : Output:
    Mer
    <?php cede
    $cars = array("Mercedes", "BMW", s
    BM
    "Toyota"); W
    Toyot
    a

    $arrlength = count($cars);
    for($x = 0; $x < $arrlength; $x++) {
    echo $cars[$x];
    echo "<br>";
    }
    ?>
    PHP CONDITIONAL STATEMENTS

    ◾ PHP - The if Statement


    ◾ The if statement executes some code if one condition is true.

    ◾ Syntax:

    if (condition) {
    code to be executed if condition is true;
    }
    PHP - THE IF STATEMENT : EXAMPLE
    P H P Code : Output:
    <?php x is bigger than y

    $x=10;
    $y=8;

    if ($x > $y)


    {
    echo "x is bigger than y";
    }

    else
    {
    echo "x is smaller than y";
    }
    ?>
    PHP FOR LOOP

    ◾ The for loop - Loops through a block of code a specified number of times.

    ◾ Syntax:

    for (init counter; test counter; increment counter) {


    code to be executed for each iteration;
    }

    Parameters:
     init counter: Initialize the loop counter value
     test counter: Evaluated for each loop iteration. If it evaluates to TRUE, the loop
    continues. If it evaluates to FALSE, the loop ends.
     increment counter: Increases the loop counter value

    15
    THE PHP FOR LO O P : EXAMPLE
    ◾ The example below displays the numbers from 0 to 10:

    P H P Code : Output:
    <?php The number is: 0
    for ($x = 0; $x <= 10; $x++) { The number is: 1
    echo "The number is: $x <br>"; The number is: 2
    } The number is: 3
    ?> The number is: 4
    The number is: 5
    The number is: 6
    The number is: 7
    The number is: 8
    The number is: 9
    The number is: 10

    16
    THE PHP FOREACH LOOP
    The foreach loop works only on arrays, and is used to loop through each key/value pair in an array.

    Syntax:

    foreach ($array as $value) {


    code to be executed;
    }
    THE PHP FOREACH LOOP: EXAMPLE:
    P H P Code : Output:
    <?php red
    green
    $colors blue
    = array("red", "green", "blue", "yell yellow
    ow");

    foreach ($colors as $value) {


    echo "$value <br>";
    }
    ?>
    PHP FUNCTIONS
    ◾ Syntax:
    function functionName() {
    code to be executed;
    }

    ◾ Example:
    P H P Code : Output:

    <?php Hello world!


    function
    writeMsg()
    { echo "Hello
    world!";
    }

    writeMsg(); // call
    the function
    ?>
    Thank You

    20

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