The document discusses the evolution of language used to describe alcohol and substance use disorders. Terms have shifted from referring to drunkenness and addiction to focusing on problematic use and person-centered recovery. Official classification systems also changed terminology from abuse and dependence to use disorders. There is now a movement toward behavioral health and recovery-oriented systems of care to better integrate treatment and support long-term recovery.
The document discusses the evolution of language used to describe alcohol and substance use disorders. Terms have shifted from referring to drunkenness and addiction to focusing on problematic use and person-centered recovery. Official classification systems also changed terminology from abuse and dependence to use disorders. There is now a movement toward behavioral health and recovery-oriented systems of care to better integrate treatment and support long-term recovery.
The document discusses the evolution of language used to describe alcohol and substance use disorders. Terms have shifted from referring to drunkenness and addiction to focusing on problematic use and person-centered recovery. Official classification systems also changed terminology from abuse and dependence to use disorders. There is now a movement toward behavioral health and recovery-oriented systems of care to better integrate treatment and support long-term recovery.
Monica Joseph WHAT NAMES DO WE USE TO REFER TO A PERSON WHO IS SEEN AS DRINKING TOO MUCH?
WHAT ABOUT A PERSON WHO IS
USING DRUGS? LANGUAGE EVOLVES - Alcohol • Historically, alcoholism and addiction seen as two different phenomena • 1784 - Benjamin Rush refers to – “ardent spirits” and their habitual use as an “odious disease” • Prior to 18thC - al-kuhl (Arabic) – an eye cosmetic • By 18thC – essence or spirit, intoxicating ingredient • 1849 – Magnus Huss, Swedish MD – alcoholism, aloholic 1850s-early 1900s • Intemperance • Barrel fever • Habitual drunkennes • Drunk, drunkard • Dipso (alcoholic) mania; dipsomanic (thirst frenzy)- binge drinking • Oino (wine)mania • Inebriety, inebriate • Liquor habit • Vice – victim of drink • By early 1900s - Professionals and public begin to use alcoholism, alcoholic • By 1930s – problem drinking & drinker • By 1934 – AA or Alcoholics Anonymous gave boost to the term – alcoholic • Abnormal drinking & drinker • By 1940, alcoholism & alcoholic used in scientific literature • E.M. Jellinek preferred – alcohol addiction, compulsive drinking, alcohol habituation – Identified 200 definitions of alcoholism (1960) • By 1957 – WHO – World Health Organization – Alcohol dependence or alcohol addiction or alcohol habituation • By 1967, Cooperative Commission on the Study of Alcoholism – problem drinker • Early 1970s – complaints that alcohol abuse was an “inherently nasty phrase” • Problematic alcohol use, alcohol misuse, deviant drinking, excessive drinking DRUGS OTHER THAN ALCOHOL • 19TH C – opium drunkenness • Morphinism, chloralism, narcotism – – ism means perpetual state of use • Morphinomania – – mania means rabid craving that incites periodic binges – Attempt to find a term for multiple drug choices • - inebriety, intoxicomania, drug habituation/abuse/ dependence, substance abuse, chemical dependency, addictive behavior • - mixed cases, multiple/combined/alternating inebriety ADDICTION
• Mid -1890s: Addicere (Latin) – to adore; to
surrender self to a master • Addiction/addictee/addict – initially referring to drugs other than alcohol • Now also used to refer to alcohol • Has emerged in popular culture to mean any behavior that is excessive or repetitive ROSC-Recovery Oriented Systems of Care • Early 21st C, focus on moving away from objectifying and stigmatizing language • Now - First person language – person with • Movement from acute biopsychosocial stabilization to sustained recovery management, short & long-term recovery – Recovery homes/schools/industries/ministeries/ community centers/community organizations • Recovered or Recovering remains an issue? Official Classification Systems • DSM –Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (APA) – Prior to 2013 - alcohol abuse, dependence, intoxication, substance induced disorders • ICD – International Classification of Diseases (WHO) has its own system - Disagreements with DSM • ICD 10 & DSM V attempts to resolve – Alcohol Use Disorders; Substance Use Disorders Behavioral Health Care • Significant relationships between substance use disorders and other mental health disorders • A subset of persons has both: – Co-ocurring Disorders (COD) • Move to unify the field – Behavioral Health – to facilitate prevention and treatment • Concern as to if this will affect addiction treatment negatively Summary • Confusion remains in the field around what is the language of recovery • Has moved from alcohol only and drug only language to a more integrative, person- centered framework • DSM V &ICD 10 seeking agreement in classifying alcohol and drug use disorders • Move to behavioral health and to a recovery- oriented systems of care
AT The End of The Discussion The Students Will Be Able To: Define Mental Health Discuss Mental Health Nursing Demonstrate Understanding About The Different Qualities of A Mentally Healthy Individual