Occupational Health and Safety

ES 411 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH I
WEEK 2
INJURY AND ILLNESS STATISTICS, RECORD KEEPING AND REPORTING
DEFINITION OF WORK ACCIDENT
Occupational accident:
 any occurrence taking place at the workplace or
 due to the performance of work which leads to death or physical or mental
impairment to the physical integrity of the victim.
DEFINITION OF WORK ACCIDENT
(LAW 5510)
5510 SOCIAL INSURANCE AND UNIVERSAL HEALTH INSURANCE LAW

Summary of ARTICLE 13
 Work accident is the incident which causes, immediate or delayed, physical or mental handicap in the insurance
holder and which occurs;
 a) when the insurance holder is at the workplace,
 b) due to the work carried out by the employer or by the insurance holder if he/she is working on behalf of own
name and account,
 c) for an insurance holder working under an employer, at times when he/she is not carrying out his/her main work
due to the reason that he/she is sent on duty to another place out of the workplace,
 d) for nursing her child as per labour legislation,
 e) during insurance holder's going to or coming from the place, where the work is carried out, on a vehicle
provided by the employer.
COUPLE OF CASES
IS THIS A WORK ACCIDENT OR NOT?
 Heavy storm caused a tent’s roof collapse.

 The tent next to a construction site was used as a lunch room.
 Workers were under the collapsed roof/ceiling.
AND
 Four laborers hurt, one seriously, in roof collapse.
 Is this a work accident or not?

 A worker was sleeping in a bunkhouse.

 The bunkhouse is belong to the company.
AND
 The worker was poisoned by exposure to high levels of Carbon Monoxide

emitted from a stove

 You are a medical doctor.
 A patient bite you when you are

trying to help him.

 A security was hit by a car outside the

workplace when he was running to catch their
security dog.

 A worker was injured in a traffic accident

while he was going to his job with a vehicle
provided by the company.

 A worker was injured in a traffic

accident while
 he was going to his job with his own
car.
e) during insurance holder's going to or coming from the place, where the work is carried out, on a vehicle
provided by the employer.
 A worker got electrocuted in shower at the

workplace.
DEFINITION OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE

ARTICLE 14
 Occupational disease refer to the temporary or permanent disease, physical or

mental handicapped status, caused by a reason reiterated due to the quality of the
work made or worked by the insurance holder or by the working conditions.
 Diseases are usually caused by a process extended over a longer period of time and
not by a sudden event.
DEFINITION OF PERMANENT ABSENCE FROM WORK

ARTICLE 19
 Permanent absence from work: The insurance holder, whose earning power in the profession, due
to the disease or disabilities caused by work accident or occupational disease, is determined to be
reduced by 10% by the Institution's Health Committee based on reports issued by the health
committees of health - care service providers authorized by the Institution, shall be qualified for
permanent incapacity income.
WHAT IS OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH?
 Science of the anticipation, recognition, evaluation and control of

hazards arising in or from the workplace that could impair the health
and well-being of workers, taking into account the possible impact on the
surrounding communities and the general environment.
INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE
 An art and science devoted to the anticipation (predicting), recognition,

evaluation (assessing), and controlling (preventing) workplace
environmental stressors, which may cause sickness, impaired health and
well-being or significant discomfort among workers or among citizens in
the community.
 An environmental stressor is any factor that can cause enough discomfort
to result in lost time or illness;
 Gases, fumes, vapours, dusts, mists, noise, radiation, etc.
Industrial hygienist: Simply, they try to anticipate, recognize, evaluate, and control health hazards due to the use of
chemical and physical agents, including the evaluation of indoor air quality.
SOME TOPICS AN INDUSTRIAL HYGIENIST IS INTERESTED:
Air Sampling and Instrumentation
Analytical Chemistry – Organic Chemistry
Biohazards
Biostatistics and Epidemiology
Environmental Exposures Engineering Controls and Ventilation
Ergonomics and Human Factors, Work Environment
Health Risks and Hazard Communication
Management and Ethics
Noise and Vibration
Ionizing and non-ionizing Radiation
Toxicology
Training and Communication Skills
Specialized Expertise through Internship Experience / Research Project
SAFETY AND INJURY (SAFETY ENGINEERING)
VS.
HEALTH AND ILLNESS (INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE)
 Safety engineering is primarily responsible for hazards that can result in

injuries
 Industrial hygiene is primarily responsible for hazards that can result in

illnesses.
RELATED GOVERNMENT/NGO AGENCIES
 The Ministry of Labour and Social Security (ÇSGB)

 The General Directorate for Occupational Health and Safety (İSGGM)
 The Head of Research and Development Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
(İSGÜM) (It was Occupational Health And Safety Center before 2015)
 The Labour Inspection Board (İTK)
 Social Security Institution (SGK)
 Centre for Labour and Social Security Training and Research (ÇASGEM)
OSH DEPARTMENTS IN THE MINISTRY OF LABOUR AND SOCIAL
SECURITY (ÇSGB)
OSH Departments in the Ministry of Labour and Social Security (ÇSGB)

 Main Service Units
 Directorate General of Occupational Health and Safety
 Advisory and Supervisory Units

 Labour Inspection Board
 Affiliated Institutions
 Training and Research Center for Labour and Social Security
 Related Institutions
 Social Security Institution
LAWS RELATED TO OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH IN TURKEY
4857 LABOR LAW

 to regulate the working conditions and work-related rights and obligations of employers and employees

 to insure the individuals in terms of social insurance and universal health insurance
6331 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY LAW

 regulate duties, authority, responsibility, rights and obligations of employers and workers in order to ensure
occupational health and safety at workplaces and to improve existing health and safety conditions
3146 THE LAW ON ORGANIZATION AND DUTIES OF MINISTRY OF LABOUR AND SOCIAL
SECURITY
MINI INFO
Concept-oriented Constitution
International
Agreements
Laws
Presidential Decree
Regulation (Tüzük)
Legislation (Yönetmelik)
More Practical Circular (Genelge)

LAWS TO REGULATIONS
 Regulation on Occupational Safety Experts’ tasks, authorities, responsibilities and training and working
procedures and principles
 EXAMPLES
Elle Taşıma İşleri Yönetmeliği
Geçici ve Belirli Süre İşlerde İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Hakkında

Yönetmelik
Maden İşyerlerinde iş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Yönetmeliği

AGENCIES FOR COLLECTING AND EVALUATING STATISTICAL DATA FOR
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
 Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK)

 Social Security Institution (SGK) under the Minister of Labour and
Social Security (ÇSGB)
 Ministry of Health
OCCUPATIONAL INJURY, ILLNESS, AND FATALITY STATISTICS
 Social Security Institution (SGK) under the Ministry of Labour and Social Security
(ÇSGB)
 Go to www.sgk.gov.tr and then

 KURUMSAL > İstatistik > SGK İstatistik Yıllıkları
 http://www.sgk.gov.tr/wps/portal/sgk/tr/kurumsal/istatistik
CONTENT OF STATISTICS
Occupational Injury
Occupational illness
Fatality
Days/Number of incidence of temporary/permanent incapacity
Incidence Rate and Weight Rate of Work Accidents

OCCUPATIONAL INJURY, ILLNESS, FATALITY STATISTICS IN 2016
 Occupational accidents (Fatalities)  Occupational disease (Fatalities)

 Total: 286.068 (1.405)  Total: 597 (0)
 Male: 241.115 (1.369)  Male: 568 (0)
 Female: 44.953 (36)  Female: 29 (0)
WHAT IS INCIDENCE RATE? (PER 1,000,000 WORK HOURS)
 Incidence rate (per 1,000,000 work hours)
 Incidence rate is a metric used to compare a

company's safety performance against a
national average for the same industry.
 Different industries have different safety

performance rates, depending on the risk
level of the occupations involved.
INCIDENCE RATE (PER 100 PERSON)
WEIGHT RATE OF WORK ACCIDENTS
The number of lost workdays per 1,000,000 working hours

 665 days in 2016
The number of lost hours per 100 working hours because of employment
injuries
 0.53 hours in 2016
CLASSIFICATION BY ECONOMIC ACTIVITY
COMPARE INCIDENCE RATES
COAL MINING VS FOOD PRODUCTION
 ANY IDEA?
COMPARE INCIDENCE RATES
COAL MINING VS FOOD PRODUCTION
Accident Workers
Coal and Lignite (brown) 10,026 41,058
mining
Food production 10,971 434,180

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ES 411 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH I

5510 SOCIAL INSURANCE AND UNIVERSAL HEALTH INSURANCE LAW

 Heavy storm caused a tent’s roof collapse.

 Is this a work accident or not?

 A worker was sleeping in a bunkhouse.

 The worker was poisoned by exposure to high levels of Carbon Monoxide

 Is this a work accident or not?

 You are a medical doctor.

 A patient bite you when you are

 Is this a work accident or not?

 A security was hit by a car outside the

 Is this a work accident or not?

 A worker was injured in a traffic accident

 Is this a work accident or not?

 A worker was injured in a traffic

 A worker got electrocuted in shower at the

5510 SOCIAL INSURANCE AND UNIVERSAL HEALTH INSURANCE LAW

 Occupational disease refer to the temporary or permanent disease, physical or

5510 SOCIAL INSURANCE AND UNIVERSAL HEALTH INSURANCE LAW

 Science of the anticipation, recognition, evaluation and control of

 An art and science devoted to the anticipation (predicting), recognition,

 Safety engineering is primarily responsible for hazards that can result in

 Industrial hygiene is primarily responsible for hazards that can result in

 The Ministry of Labour and Social Security (ÇSGB)

OSH Departments in the Ministry of Labour and Social Security (ÇSGB)

 Advisory and Supervisory Units

4857 LABOR LAW

5510 SOCIAL INSURANCE AND UNIVERSAL HEALTH INSURANCE LAW

6331 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY LAW

More Practical Circular (Genelge)

Elle Taşıma İşleri Yönetmeliği

Geçici ve Belirli Süre İşlerde İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Hakkında

Maden İşyerlerinde iş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Yönetmeliği

 Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK)

 Go to www.sgk.gov.tr and then

Days/Number of incidence of temporary/permanent incapacity

Incidence Rate and Weight Rate of Work Accidents

 Occupational accidents (Fatalities)  Occupational disease (Fatalities)

 Incidence rate (per 1,000,000 work hours)

 Incidence rate is a metric used to compare a

 Different industries have different safety

The number of lost workdays per 1,000,000 working hours

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