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Immunization Against Communicable Diseases
Immunization Against Communicable Diseases
PREPARED BY:
ADEBISI R.A
IMMUNIZATION AGAINST
COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
INTRODUCTION
• Immunization is a key component of primary
health care and an indisputable human right.
It’s also one of the best health investments
money can buy. Vaccines are also critical to
the prevention and control of infectious
disease outbreaks. They underpin global
health security and will be a vital tool in the
battle against antimicrobial resistance.
IMMUNIZATION AGAINST
COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
• Immunization is a global health and
development success story, saving millions of
lives every year. Vaccines reduce risks of
getting a disease by working with individual
body’s natural defence to build protection.
When an individual is vaccinated, the immune
system responds.
IMMUNIZATION AGAINST
COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
• We now have vaccines to prevent more than
20 life-threatening diseases, helping people of
all ages live longer, healthier lives.
Immunization currently prevents 3.5-5 million
deaths every year from diseases like
diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, influenza and
measles.
IMMUNITY AND IMMUNIZATION
• Immunity is the biological state of being able
to resist disease or a toxin: the primary
objective of vaccination is to induce an
immunological memory against specific
diseases, so that if exposure to a disease-
causing pathogen occurs, the immune
response will neutralize the infection or toxins
it releases before disease can occur.
IMMUNITY AND IMMUNIZATION
Naturally acquired immunity
• Naturally acquired immunity occurs either
actively by experiencing the infection or
passively through the transfer of maternal
antibodies from mother to fetus or infant
(transplacentally or in breastmilk).
IMMUNITY AND IMMUNIZATION
Artificially acquired immunity
• ‘Artificially’ acquired immunity occurs either
actively through vaccination or passively
through administration of immunoglobulin
(IG).
IMMUNITY AND IMMUNIZATION..
DEFINITION OF IMMUNIZATION
• Immunization is a process through which the
person is given vaccines against the disease-
causing microorganisms in order to stimulate
the immune system to generate the needed
antibodies.
BENEFITS OF IMMUNIZATION
• Prevents autoimmune disorders. Immunization
enhances the ability of the immunity in the body. It
is a self-mechanism. A stronger immunity relates to
good health.
• Children are immunized with the aim to protect
them against the common infections that might lead
to severe complications or deaths.
• Some of the infections may turn epidemic, affecting
the whole community. Immunized people pose low
to no risk of epidemic diseases.
BENEFITS OF IMMUNIZATION..
• When applied to the society, immunization
helps reduce the funds paid on treatment.
• Adults can also receive immunizations against
some diseases, such as hepatitis (B), smallpox,
influenza, and others.
• Pregnant mothers are also immunized to
protect mother and their unborn child.
BENEFITS OF IMMUNIZATION..
• Immunization is the only solution that
eradicated Polio in infants. Booster vaccines
and immunizations in the childhood secure
the health.
• Vaccination is safe and effective. All vaccines
undergo long and careful review by scientists,
doctors, and the federal government to make
sure they are safe.
SIDE EFFECTS OF IMMUNIZATION
• Vaccines are developed in accordance with the
highest standards of safety
• Immunization has side effects like all medicines.
• The general side effect of vaccines includes;
• Headache
• High temperature
• Pain, swelling and redness at the injection site
• Pain in muscles and joints
• Skin rash.
CONTRAINDICATIONS OF IMMUNIZATION
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