JULY

2023

DISASTER
MANAGEMENT
What is a hazard
A hazard is a dangerous phenomenon, substance,
human activity or condition that may cause loss of life,
injury or other health impacts, property damage, social
and economic disruption or environmental degradation.
Typical examples of hazards can be absence of rain
(leading to drought) or the abundance therfore (leading
to floods).
Hazards can be the creation of man or the environment

2
 TYPES OF HAZARD
There are three types of hazards: Human-Caused,
Natural, and Technological
Human-Caused hazards include:
 Hazardous Material Incidents
 Terrorism
 Violence - Riots
 Culture
Natural hazards are commonly called natural disasters,
including severe weather, infectious diseases and instances
of food contamination may be natural hazards.
Technological Hazards include technology related hazards,
such as building fires, power outages, structural failures,
or attacks on computer networks and systems (virus, fire in
server room).
3
 Indian Ocean Tsunami of 2004: The Indian Ocean
earthquake and Tsunami occurred in 2004 at the west
coast of Sumatra, killing over 230,000 people in
fourteen countries. The Indian Ocean Tsunami was one
of the deadliest natural disasters in the history of India.

What do you mean by a disaster

A disaster is defined as a "sudden or great misfortune" or simply "any unfortunate event." More precisely, a
disaster is "an event whose timing is unexpected and whose consequences are seriously destructive. A disaster is
a serious problem occurring over a period of time that causes widespread human, material, economic or
environmental loss which exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own
resources
4
 What are the different types of disasters
• Natural Types of Disasters
v Hurricanes and tropical storms are among the
most powerful natural disasters because of their
size and destructive potential. Tornadoes are
relatively brief but violent, potentially causing
winds in excess of 200 mph. Both earthquakes
and tornadoes strike suddenly without warning.
Flooding is the most common of natural
hazards, and requires an understanding of the
natural systems of our environment, including
floodplains and the frequency of flooding events.
Wildfires are more prevalent in the event of a
drought. Disasters impacting food supply can be
extremely costly; American officials say that a
food contamination scare similar to the one that
hit the Belgian poultry industry in the 1990’s
could jeopardize U.S. agricultural exports in 5
excess of $140 billion
  Examples include industrial accidents,
shootings, acts of terrorism, and
Human caused incidents of mass violence. As with natural
disasters, these types of traumatic events may
disasters also cause loss of life and property. They may
also prompt evacuations from certain areas
and overwhelm ethical health resources in the
affected communities.
 In the aftermath of the tragic loss of life that
occurred on September 11, 2001, the feelings of
loss of security and well-being—arguably the
most crucial ingredients for leading a happy,
healthy life—dramatically affected the citizens
of the United States. Disaster Distress Helpline
staff are also trained to respond to calls or
texts related to these types of disasters.
 Incidents of Mass Violence

6
A hazard is any
unusual event that
has a potential to
threaten people's
When does a
lives, their property hazard lead
and livelihoods. For
example, typhoons, to a disaster
floods and fire are
hazards. A hazard
becomes a
disaster when it
happens where
many people are
living or have their
livelihoods and
causes damage to
them and their
property.
7
What is vulnerability explain with examples
Physical Infrastructure: Vulnerabilities can exist in physical
infrastructure, such as buildings, transportation systems, or power grids.
An example would be a structural weakness in a bridge that, if left
unaddressed, could lead to a collapse under certain conditions. Another
example is outdated or poorly maintained equipment in a power plant,
which could result in an electrical failure or even a catastrophe

8
 What is Risk?
In simple terms, risk is the possibility of something
bad happening. Risk involves uncertainty about the
effects/implications of an activity with respect to
something that humans value (such as health, well-
being, wealth, property or the environment), often
focusing on negative, undesirable
consequences. Many different definitions have been
proposed. The international standard definition of
risk for common understanding in different
applications is "effect of uncertainty on objectives".
The understanding of risk, the methods of assessment
and management, the descriptions of risk and even
the definitions of risk differ in different practice areas
(business, economics, environment, finance,
information technology, health, insurance, safety,
security etc).
Firefighters are exposed 9to risks of fire and building
collapse during their work
 What is disaster management
The Disaster Management Act of 2005 defines Disaster Management as an
integrated process of planning, organizing, coordinating and
implementing measures which are necessary for-
 Prevention of threat of any disaster
 Reduction of risk of any disaster or its consequences
 Readiness to deal with any disaster
 Promptness in dealing with a disaster
 Assessing the severity of the effects of any disaster
 Rescue and relief
 Rehabilitation and Reconstruction

ADD A FOOTER 10
 What are different phases of disaster
 PHASES OF DISASTER:
management
Mitigation: Mitigation involves steps to reduce vulnerability to disaster
impacts such as injuries and loss of life and property. This might involve
changes in local building codes to fortify buildings; revised zoning and
land use management; strengthening of public infrastructure; and
other efforts to make the community more resilient to a catastrophic
event.
Preparedness: This phase focuses on activities undertaken before a
disaster occurs to enhance the readiness and capacity to respond
effectively. It involves developing emergency response plans, conducting
drills and exercises, establishing early warning systems, and building
infrastructure and resources.
Response: is defined as the actions taken to decrease mortality and
morbidity, and to prevent further property damage when the hazard
occurs. Response is putting preparedness plans into action. Response
activities may include
Recovery: is defined as the actions taken to return to normal following
an event.
• Repairing buildings 11
• Replacing homes
 What is mitigation?What are the
signifances of mitigation?
 Mitigation is defined as “sustained action that
reduces or eliminates long-term risk to people
and property from natural hazards and their
effects.” It describes the ongoing effort at the
federal, state, local and individual levels to
lessen the impact of disasters upon our
families, homes, communities and economy.
Significance of Mitigation are:
It helps in preventing loss of lives during
Disasters
It helps in controlling Economic damages and
losses to properties
It helps in minimising the long term after-
effects of a Disaster that have their impact on
Society
12
 How does mitigation adds up value to the
society?
 Mitigation creates safer communities
by reducing losses of life and property.
 Mitigation enables individuals and
communities to recover more rapidly
from disasters.
Ø Mitigation lessens the financial impact
of disasters on individuals, the
Treasury, and state, local, and tribal
communities.

13
 How is community planning important for
disaster management
Disaster risk reduction measures are most
successful when they directly involve the people
most likely to be exposed to hazards.
Community-based preparedness and early
warning systems help in saving lives, protecting
property, and reducing economic losses. Failure
to understand the risk behaviour and culture of
local communities can lead to badly designed
preparedness measures including early warning
systems.
Local people’s participation ensures self-
reliance and ensures that emergency
management plans meet local needs.
Indigenous knowledge and innovation
concerning hazards and mitigation also play an
important role. 14
 What are the safety measures that can be followed
in schools and homes during disasters?
 During a disaster, such as natural disasters (earthquakes, floods,
hurricanes, etc.) or emergencies (fires, gas leaks, etc.), it is
important to follow specific safety measures to ensure the well-being
of individuals in either schools or homes. Here are some general
safety measures that can be followed:
 Emergency preparedness plan: Develop and regularly update an
emergency preparedness plan that outlines procedures for different
types of disasters. Educate students or household members about
the plan and conduct drills to ensure everyone knows what to do.
 Communication: Establish a reliable communication system to
receive updates and share information during emergencies. This can
include emergency alert systems, walkie-talkies, or designated
meeting points.
 Emergency supplies: Maintain an emergency supply kit with
essential items such as non-perishable food, drinking water,
flashlights, batteries, first aid supplies, medications, and blankets.
Periodically check and replenish the supplies as needed. 15
ADD A FOOTER 16
CLASS:IX D BOYS
TEAM MEMBERS
ABHINANDAN.S.A(NC)
ARNAV.R.KASHYAP(NC)
BHOOSHITH.R
DARSHAN.BABU(LEADER)
JAYSOORYA.J(NC)
PRATHITH.T.PRABHU(NC)
RYAN.TABJULU(NC)