History of Basketball

HISTORY OF
BASKETBALL
BY: GROUP 1
TABLE OF CONTENTS
01 INTRODUCTION 07 NBA
AMERICAN
02 13 ORIGINAL RULES 08 BASKETBALL
THE BASKET, ASSOCIATION
03 BACKBOARD, AND 09 FORMATION OF FIBA
THE FIRST BALL
THE FIRST BASKETBALL
04
GAME
PROGESSIONAL
05 LEAGUES, TEAMS AND
ORGANIZATIONS
06
FIRST INTERNATIONAL
GAMES
INTRODUCTI
01 ON
WHAT IS
BASKETBALL?
Basketball is a team sport played by two
teams of five players on a rectangular court.
The objective is to shoot a ball through a
hoop 18 inches (46 cm) in diameter and
mounted at a height of 10 feet (3.048 m) to
backboards at each end of the court.
The game was invented in 1891 by Dr. James Naismith, who
would be the first basketball coach of the Kansas Jayhawks,
one of the most successful programs in the game’s history.
James Naismith (November 6, 1861- November 28, 1939)
was a Canadian-American physical educator, physician,
chaplain, sports coach and innovator.
James Naismith (November 6, 1861-

November 28, 1939) was a
Canadian-American physical
educator, physician, chaplain, sports
coach and innovator.
13 ORIGINAL
02 RULES
1. The ball may be thrown in any direction with 5. No shouldering, holding, pushing, tripping or
one or both hands. striking in any way the person of an opponent
shall be allowed; the first infringement of this rule
2. The ball may be batted in any direction with by any player shall count as a foul, the second
one or both hands (never with the fist). shall disqualify him until the next goal is made, or
if there was evident intent to injure the person, for
3. A player cannot run with the ball. The player the whole of the game, no substitute allowed.
must throw it from the spot on which he catches
it, allowance to be made for a man who catches 6. A foul is striking at the ball with the fist,
the ball when running at a good speed if he tries violation of Rules 3, 4, and such as described in
to stop. Rule 5.
4. The ball must be held in or between the hands;

the arms or body must not be used for holding.
7. If either side makes three consecutive fouls, it 9. When the ball goes out of bounds, it shall be
shall count a goal for the opponents (consecutive thrown into the field of play by the person first
means without the opponents in the mean time touching it. In case of a dispute, the umpire shall
making a foul. throw it straight into the field. The thrower-in is
allowed five seconds; if he holds it longer, it shall
8. A goal shall be made when the ball is thrown or go to the opponent. If any side persists in
batted from the grounds into the basket and stays delaying the game, the umpire shall call a foul on
there, providing those defending the goal do not that side.
touch or disturb the goal. If the ball rests on the
edges, and the opponent moves the basket, it shall 10. The umpire shall be judge of the men and
count as a goal. shall note the fouls and notify the referee when
three consecutive fouls have been made. He shall
have power to disqualify men according to Rule
5.
11. The referee shall be judge of the ball and shall
decide when the ball is in play, in bounds, to
which side it belongs, and shall keep the time. He
shall decide when a goal has been made, and keep
account of the goals with any other duties that are 13. The side making the most goals in that time
usually performed by a referee. shall be declared the winner. In case of a draw,
the game may, by agreement of the captains, be
12. The time shall be two 15-minute halves, with continued until another goal is made.
five minutes' rest between.
Comment: Game formats including length and
the number of periods played along with halftime
periods vary according to level.
THE BASKET,
BACKBOARD, AND THE
03 FIRST BALL
THE BASKET
The first baskets that were used were two
peach baskets that were hung from the
balcony of the gym. By 1906, the peach
baskets were replaced by metal baskets
with holes in the bottom. In 1913, a hoop
with a net was invented so the basketball
could fall freely to the ground.
BACKBOARD
In 1893, due to the overzealous spectators interfering with
the basketball, the backboard was invented. The first
backboard was constructed out of wire mesh, and then
wood and now it is made out of glass so the backboard
does not interfere with the viewing of the game.
THE FIRST BALL
The very first ball that was used was a
soccer ball until 1840 when an actual
"basketball" was invented. The basketball
was slightly smaller, about thirty inches in
diameter.
THE FIRST
04 BASKETBALL GAME
On December 21, 1891, James Naismith published rules for a new game using
five basic ideas and thirteen rules. That day, he asked his class to play a match in
the Armory Street court: 9 versus 9, using a soccer ball and two peach baskets.
Frank Mahan, one of his students, wasn't so happy. He just said: "Harrumph.
Another new game". However, Naismith was the inventor of the new game.
Someone proposed to call it "Naismith Game", but he suggested "We have a ball
and a basket: why don't we call it basketball?" The eighteen players were John
G. Thompson, Eugene S. Libby, Edwin P. Ruggles, William R. Chase, T.
Duncan Patton, Frank Mahan, Finlay G. MacDonald, William H. Davis and
Lyman Archibald, who defeated George Weller, Wilbert Carey, Ernest Hildner,
Raymond Kaighn, Genzabaro Ishikawa, Benjamin S. French, Franklin Barnes,
George Day and Henry Gelan 1- 0. The goal was scored by Chase. There were
other differences between Naismith's first idea and the game played today. The
peach baskets were closed, and balls had to be retrieved manually, until a small
hole was put in the bottom of the peach basket to poke the ball out using a stick.
Only in 1906 were metal hoops, nets and backboards introduced. Moreover,
earlier the soccer ball was replaced by a Spalding ball, similar to the one used
today.
PROFESSIONAL LEAGUES,
05
TEAMS, AND
ORGANIZATIONS
The first professional league was founded in 1898. Six teams took part in the
National Basketball League, and the first champions were the Trenton Nationals, followed by
xxx
the New York Wanderers, the Bristol Pile Drivers and the Camden Electrics. The league was
abandoned in 1904. Then, many small championships were organized, but most of them
were not as important as some teams who played for money against challengers.
The Original Celtics, for instance, are considered the "fathers of basketball" and were
presented as "World’s Basketball Champions"; the players had to signxxx a contract to play with
them, and Jim Furey organized matches as a circus, moving daily from town to town. The
Celtics became the strongest team, and their successes lasted from 1922 until 1928, when
the team disbanded due to ownership problems. The Original Celtics are sometimes
incorrectly thought of as forebears of the current Boston Celtics of the NBA; in reality, they
xxxnot founded until 1946, nearly two decades after
share only a name, as today's Celtics were
the demise of the Original Celtics. In 1922, the first all-African American professional team
was founded: the Rens (also known as New York Renaissance or Harlem
Renaissance). The Rens were the Original Celtics’ usual opponent, and for their matches a
xxx
ticket cost $1. They took part in some official championships and won the first
World Professional Basketball Tournament in 1939. The team disbanded in 1949.
In the 1920s and 1930s, Eastern Basket Ball League (founded in 1909), Metropolitan
Basketball League (founded in 1921) and American Basketball League (founded in
1925) were the most important leagues.
FIRST INTERNATIONAL
06 GAMES
After its arrival in Europe, basketball developed
very quickly. In 1909 the first international
match was held in Saint Petersburg; Mayak Saint
Petersburg beat a YMCA American team. The
first great European event was held in 1919 in
Joinville-le-Pont, near Paris, during the Inter-
Allied Games. United States, led by future Hall
of Fame player Max Friedman, won against Italy
and France, and then Italy beat France.
Basketball soon became popular among French
and Italians. The Italian team had a white shirt
with the House of Savoy shield and the players
were: Arrigo and Marco Muggiani, Baccarini,
Giuseppe Sessa, Palestra, Pecollo and Bagnoli.
07 NBA
HI S ?
OW T
U KN
D YO
DI
The Basketball league was founded in New
York City on June 6, 1946 as the Basketball
Association of Amera (BAA). The league
adopted the name National Basketball
Association (NBA) in 1949 after merging
with the rival National Basketball League
(NBL). As of the early 21st century, the NBA
is the most significant professional basketball
league in the world in terms of popularity,
salaries, talent, and level of competition.
08 AMERICAN BASKETBALL
ASSOCIATION
The American Basketball Association (ABA)
was founded in 1967 as an alternative
professional basketball league to the NBA. It
introduced innovations like the three-point
shot and a red, white, and blue basketball.
The ABA featured stars like Julius Erving
Julius George
Erving Gervin (Dr. J) and George Gervin. Despite its initial
popularity, financial struggles led to the
league's merger with the NBA in 1976, with
four ABA teams joining the NBA. (The San
Antonio Spurs, Denver Nuggets, Indiana
Pacers, and New York Nets
FORMATION OF
09 FIBA
World basketball was growing, but it was on June 18,
1932 that a real international organization was formed,
to coordinate tournaments and teams: that day,
Argentina, Czechoslovakia, Greece, Italy, Latvia,
Portugal, Romania and Switzerland founded the
International Basketball Federation (Federation
internationale de basketball amateur, FIBA) in Geneva.
The first Olympic title was won by the U.S. national
team: Sam Balter, Ralph Bishop, Joe Fortenberry, Tex
Gibbons, Francis Johnson, Carl Knowles, Frank Lubin,
Art Mollner, Donald Piper, Jack Ragland, Willard
Schmidt, Carl Shy, Duane Swanson, Bill Wheatley and
the trainer James Needles. Canada was runner-up; the
games were played on an outdoor clay court. The first
World Championship was held in Argentina in 1950.
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HISTORY OF

James Naismith (November 6, 1861-

4. The ball must be held in or between the hands;

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