Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Exercise Physiology Lectures - Chapters 1 - 5
Exercise Physiology Lectures - Chapters 1 - 5
EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY/
OEFENINGSFISIOLOGIE
CH1: EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY
Defined as the study of functional changes occurring during an exercise session &
adaptations as a result of continuous exercise.
Causes homeostatic imbalance.
The body attempts to restore homeostasis in response to exercise.
E.g. ↑ in Heart Rate (HR) to meet the increased demands of oxygen by muscle cells.
CH2: AEROBIC EXERCISE: WHAT FOR
AND HOW MUCH?
Aerobic (with Oxygen) exercise involves large muscles groups during low
intensity intervals.
Main sources of ATP production is via the citric acid and oxidative
phosphorylation cycle.
Citric acid cycle involves Pyruvate and Acetyl- coenzyme A.
Oxidative phosphorylation involves electron transport system & ATP synthase.
CH2: AEROBIC EXERCISE: WHAT FOR
AND HOW MUCH? CONTINUE…
Skeletal muscle cells take up glucose from the bloodstream via Facilitated Diffusion (FD).
FD - uses carrier molecules to transfer substances across the membrane.
Skeletal muscle cells maintain an intracellular pool of carriers for when the need for
glucose uptake arise.
Glucose uptake is dependant on the hormone insulin, which promotes insert of carriers
(GLUTs) into the plasmamembrane. Also refer to pg 691 in textbook.
CH3: EXERCISING MUSCLES HAVE A
“SWEET TOOTH” CONTINUE…
The rate of glucose uptake may increase ten fold during exercise.
Insulin does not determine rate of glucose uptake and decrease during exercise.
Exercise directly stimulate the membrane receptors that bind with insulin and facilitate
transport of glucose into the cells.
Exercise presents a benefit in controlling diabetes mellitus.
FIGURE 3-14, FACILITATED DIFFUSION PAGE 76
CH5: SWAN DIVE OR BELLY FLOP: IT’S
A MATTER OF CNS CONTROL.
Basic postural reflexes allows the body to accomplish normal day-to-day tasks.
In order to perform certain movements, the innate reflexes must be override.
E.g. in order to dive into water, the body need’s to adjust it’s posture to allow the body to
take proper form necessary to execute the task (“belly flop”)
CH5: SWAN DIVE OR BELLY FLOP: IT’S A
MATTER OF CNS CONTROL.
CONTINUE…
In order to apply certain skills in a sport, it must be learned and trained continuously
(Conditioned reflexes).
Conditioned reflexes/responses are integrated in the CNS and new synaptic patterns are
created.
Once conditioned responses are automated, an athlete could perform to their full
potential.
FIG 5-31 WITHDRAWAL REFLEX PAGE 285