Insulin and Oral Hypoglycemics
Insulin and Oral Hypoglycemics
ORAL
HYPOGLYCEMIC
DRUGS
DIABETES MELLITUS (DM)
between meals
Includes:
properties
weight gain
CI
Diarrhoea,fever,infection,sx,th
and impairement
ORAL HYPOGLYCEMIC
A. Those that Enhance insulin secretion
Repaglinide
Stimulate pancreatic beta cells to secrete insulin
– Improve insulin secretion in response to incr
glucose levels
– Shorter acting than sulfonylurea
MOA
Sitagliptin
MOA:
Increase levels of natural substances( incretins) which
control blood glucose by boosting post prandial insulin release,
decreases glucagon secretion and lowers meal-time & fasting
blood glucose in type 2 diabetics
Well absorbed orally, is little metabolized and is largely
excreted unchanged in urine with a t½ averaging 12 hours
ADR: nausea, loose stools, headache, rashes, allergic
reactions , edema, nasopharyngitis & cough; rarely:
pancreatitis
BIGUANIDES -METFORMIN