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    Lesson 1 - Introduction To AC Circuits

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    Roneline Lizada

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    Lesson 1 - Introduction To AC Circuits

    Uploaded by

    Roneline Lizada
    22 views21 pages

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    Lesson 1 - Introduction to AC Circuits

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    Lesson 1 - Introduction To AC Circuits

    Uploaded by

    Roneline Lizada

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    of 21

    CIRCUITS 2

    COURSE CODE: ELEP0424


    LESSON 1: INTRODUCTION TO
    ALTERNATING CURRENT (AC)
    Sinusoid
    - a signal that has the form of the sine or cosine
    A sinusoidal current is usually referred to as Alternating Current (Ac) Circuits

    Sinusoidal Waveform
    Amplitude
    - The maximum value, positive or negative, of an alternating quantity is
    known as its amplitude.
    Cycle
    - One complete set of positive and negative values of alternating quantity is
    known as cycle.
    Period
    - The time taken by an alternating quantity to complete one cycle is called its
    time period T. For example, a 50-Hz alternating current has a time period of
    1/50 second.
    frequency
    - The number of cycles/second is called the frequency of the alternating
    quantity. Its unit is hertz (Hz).
    Types of Waveform
    Instantaneous Voltage Equation
    𝒆= 𝑬 𝒎 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝝎 𝒕
    𝒆= Instataneous Voltage
    𝑬 𝒎=Maximum Voltage ( Amplitude/ Peak )
    = 2f
    𝒕 =t ime
    1
    𝑻= =𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑑
    𝑓
    Example 1: Calculate the frequency and the
    -
    period of a sinusoidal waveform that complete
    80 cycle in 24ms.
    Example 2: In an experiment, a sinusoidal
    -
    waveform is observed to complete 8 cycles in
    25msec. Determine the frequency of the wave
    form.
    Example 3: What is the frequency of an
    -
    alternator having 20 poles and running at 300
    r.p.m. will generate alternating
    voltage and current?
    Example 4: If emf in a circuit is given by
    -
    e= 100 sin 628t, the maximum voltage and
    frequency is ______?
    Example
    -
    5: An alternating current of frequency 60
    Hz has a maximum value of 120 A. Write down the
    equation for its instantaneous value. Reckoning
    time from the instant the current is zero and is
    becoming positive, find
    (a) the instantaneous value after 1/360 second and
    (b) (b) the time taken to reach 96 A for the first
    time.
    Example 6: A coil of 100 turns is rotated at 1500 rev/min in a
    -
    magnetic field having a uniform density of 0.05 T, the axis of
    rotation being at right angles to the direction of the flux. The
    mean area per turn is 40 cm2. Calculate, (a) the frequency, (b) the
    period, (c) the maximum value of the generated e.m.f. and (d) the
    value of the generated e.m.f. when the coil has rotated through 30
    degree from the position of zero e.m.f.
    Example
    -
    7: The maximum values of the alternating
    voltage and current are 400 V and 20 A respectively in a
    circuit connected to 50 Hz supply and these quantities are
    sinusoidal. The instantaneous values of the voltage and
    current are 283 V and 10 A respectively at t = 0 both
    increasing positively.
    (i) Write down the expression for voltage and current at time t.
    (ii) Determine the power consumed in the circuit.
    REFERENCES:
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vN9aR2wKv0U
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vC6P-2osQLo

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