(CC2210) Group 2

NON-HUMAN
COMMUNICATION
GROUP 2 MEMBERS
Michelle Mae G. Neri

Cherry May M. Veloso
Allyza Dorothy Lendio
Bridget L. Pamugas
Dane Sunshane Olmilla
 Animals communicate using signals, which can include visual; auditory, or
sound-based; chemical, involving pheromones; or tactile, touch-based,
cues.
 Communication behaviors can help animals find mates, establish

dominance, defend territory, coordinate group behavior, and care for
young.
 Animal communication, process by which one animal provides information

that other animals can incorporate into their decision making. The vehicle
for the provision of this information is called a signal.
4 TYPES OF ANIMAL COMMUNICATION
1. Visual signals
 Visual communication involves signals that can be seen.
2. Tactile signals (touch)

 Tactile signals are more limited in range than the other types of signals, as two
organisms must be right next to each other in order to touch.
3. Pheromones/Chemical
 A pheromone is a secreted chemical signal used to trigger a response in another
individual of the same species.
4. Auditory signals (sounds)

 Auditory communication is particularly important in birds, who use sounds to
convey warnings, attract mates, defend territories, and coordinate group
behaviors.
THE LANA PROJECT
 A female chimpanzee, named Lana was trained

to manipulate a keyboard. The research was
done in the 1970s and the aim was to train her
on the language system, which is computer-
based. She learned through the lexigram
keyboard designed by Duane Rumbuagh in
Decatur, Georgia. It has three panels with 400
symbols to select from. Many consider Lana to
have extraordinary powers of communication.
She could tell the lab assistant to refill her treats,
and she could also request items that she could
not see or that were not in the lab. This proves
that she had the ability to communicate on a
level that was not believed possible before.
THE WASHOE PROJECT
 A female chimpanzee named Washoe was

taught to communicate in American Sign
Language (ASL) at the University of
Nevada in Reno. She was immersed in an
environment where she learned to use
ASL in daily interactions with her human
companions. With the process of
repetition, Washoe learned the signs and
soon enough she was able to
communicate with the humans using
them. At the age of 42, Washoe left
behind a powerful legacy and lesson in
which she has helped replace some of our
ignorance about communication with an
understanding of ourselves, as well as
other beings.
THE KOKO PROJECT

Koko was an amazing Gorilla with near
human capability. She was taught
language, the same as Washoe, however,
she was also taught vocal sounds. The
project started when Koko was just a year
old. It was in 1972 when researchers
began the journey with Koko. Her
progress was so fast that every month she
would learn a new set of signs and in the
span of four years in the project, the
researchers recorded a total of 200 signs.
This concludes that there is a high chance
for smooth communication traffic between
humans and gorillas.
APPLICATION
Linguistic studies have pointed out the difference between animal

communication and human language. The following linguist and
scholars have spearheaded studies on these in the nineteenth
century: Jacob Grimm, William Dwight Whitney and George von
der Gabalenz. Otto Jespersen and Jan Baudouin de Courtnay
continued what these scholars in the nineteenth century.
SUMMARY
 Non-human communication refers to the various ways in which animals, plants, and other
organisms communicate with each other. These communications can take many forms, including
chemical, auditory, visual, and tactile signals.
 Chemical communication is the use of chemical signals to communicate with others, such as
pheromones that are used by animals to attract mates or mark their territory.
 Auditory communication involves the use of sound, such as bird calls, whale songs, or the
howling of wolves.
 Visual communication involves the use of visual cues, such as color patterns in fish or body
language in primates.
 Tactile communication refers to the use of touch, such as social grooming in primates or the
exchange of pheromones in insects.
 Overall, non-human communication is a complex and diverse field that encompasses many
different forms of communication between organisms. Understanding these forms of
communication can provide insights into the behavior and social structures of animals and other
organisms.
“Look at animals kindly, and they
will see. Talk to animals gently,
and they will listen.”
— A.D. WILLIAMS
THANKS!
Do you have any questions?
Clarifications?
Violent reactions?
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ASSESSMENT
Read and answer the following questions based on your own understanding.
(5 points each number)
1. For you, what is non–human
communication? Criteria for the essay:
2. Describe the “Lana Project”. Content – 2 pts.

Originality – 2 pts.
3. Describe the “Washoe Project”. Organization – 1 pt.
4. Describe the “Koko project”.

(CC2210) Group 2

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NON-HUMAN

Michelle Mae G. Neri

 Communication behaviors can help animals find mates, establish

 Animal communication, process by which one animal provides information

2. Tactile signals (touch)

4. Auditory signals (sounds)

 A female chimpanzee, named Lana was trained

 A female chimpanzee named Washoe was

Linguistic studies have pointed out the difference between animal

CREDITS: This presentation template was created by Slidesgo,

Please keep this slide as attribution.

2. Describe the “Lana Project”. Content – 2 pts.

4. Describe the “Koko project”.

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