Chickenpox

PRESENTATION ON
CHICKENPOX
INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY, GMC

Contents
 Introduction
 History
 Varicella Zoster virus
 Pathogenesis
 Different stage of chickenpox
 Symptoms
 Mode of transmission
 Diagnosis
 Prevention
 Treatment
 Conclusion
INTRODUCTION
 Chickenpox also known as Varicella is a very

contagious disease caused by the varicella zoster virus
(a member of the herpes family of virus).
 The disease result in a characteristic of skin rash that
forms small, itchy blister, which eventually scab over.
 It is mainly seen in children under 10 years of age.
 It is uncommon in adult but if it is occurs in adults it
tends to be more sever.
HISTORY OF CHICKENPOX
 It was discovered by Giovanni Fillippo during the 15th century

in Italy.
 In 16th century, an English physician Richard Morton gave the
name chickenpox.
 William Hebaden proved chickenpox is different from small
pox.
 The term chickenpox, has been said to be derived from
chickenpox based on resemblance of the vesicles to chicken
peas.
Varicella zoster virus
 This virus belongs to Herpes family.

 It is DNA virus.
 In the human body VZV has its reservoir in the human mucosa
and in the nerves.

 The virus predominantly spreads through the respiratory rout, but
could also spreads by physical contact.

PATHOGENESIS
As infection spreads through the respiratory rout, the virus
enters the respiratory tract from where it travels to the local
lymph nodes.
Once it enters the lymph nodes of rapidly replicate and
spreads the liver and spleen which are its target organ. This is
called primary Viremia.
The virus is then release into the body to caused
secondary Viremia , characterized by skin rash commonly
called Chickenpox.
Once the rash has subsided the virus travels to the
dorsal rout ganglia where it remains latent for several decades
DIFFERENT STAGES OF
CHICKENPOX
Once the chickenpox rash appears, it goes through four phases-
Macules Vesicular
Papules Pustular
INCUBATION PERIOD
o 11-21 days after the exposure
COMMUNICABILITY
o 1-2 days before first lesion until last
vesicle is dried 5-7 days
FEVER SYMPTOMES
MALAISE
TIREDNESS
HEADACH
SORE THROT
SYMPTOMS
MODE OF TRANSMISSION
It is transmitted from person to person

 Through personal contact
 By droplet infection
 By droplet nuclei
 Freshly contaminated fomites used by the patient can also transmit
the disease.
 The virus can cross the placental barrier and may infect the foetus.
DIAGNOSIS
 BY SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
 LAB DIAGNOSIS
LAB DIAGNOSIS
Lab diagnosis is usually not required but if required there are some
tests.
Most frequent source of Isolation is vesicular fluid.
Stained smear from varicella scrapings.
Serology tests for varicella IgM Antibody.
ELISA Test is also useful.
PREVENTION AND CONTROL
 Prevention can be done by administering specific V. Zoster
immunoglobulin to high risk contacts of varicella. Dose is 1.25-
5ml IM or Hyperimmunogamma globulin preferably from patient
recently recovered from the disease.
 At the first sign of secondary infection a local antiseptic like
chorhexidine can be applied.
 Spread of infection can also be prevented by isolation of the
patient for 5-7 days from the appearance of the rash and
sterilization of all articles solid by patient.
PREVENTION AND CONTROL
 Medical management of chickenpox in the immunologically
normal host is directed towards the prevention of avoidable
complication
 Obviously, good hygiene includes daily bathing and soaks.
Secondary bacterial infection of the skin can be avoided by
scrupulous skin care, particularly with close cropping of
fingernails.
TREARMENT
 Drugs used in the treatment of chickenpox are antiviral drugs,
antihistamines and antipyretics.
 Commonly used drugs is acyclovir available as zovirax in the
market, Famiclovir available as Famivir and Foscarnet available as
Foscovir.
 Antiviral medicine can be taken orally, intravenously of applied on
the skin.
 These are prescribed to people with long term illness.
 Impaired immune system and pregnant women.
 Also other drugs are given to reduce fever, cold, itching, irritation of
the rash, sore throat etc.
CHICKENPOX DURING PREGNENCY
MAY RESULT:
 Congenital varicella syndrome

 Severe Varicella Syndrome
 Risk of neonatal death
Conclusion:
Treating Chickenpox with Folk
Medicine
Aloe Vera Lemon

Garlic
Calendula
Echinacea
Treating Chickenpox with Scientific Medicine
Tylenol Calamine lotion
Benadryl
Questions
1.Causative agent of Chickenpox is ______
2. Which age group population is mostly affected with

chickenpox ?
3. The incubation period of chickenpox is _____ days.
4. Who first discovered chickenpox

a. Rudolf Steiner
b. Giovanni Fillipo
c. Richard Morton
d. William Hebaden
5. Zoster virus is a RNA virus.
a. TRUE
b. FALSE
6. Varicella Zoster virus is a family of .......... virus
7. Chickenpox during pregnancy may results

a. Congenital varicella syndrome
b. Sever varicella syndrome
c. Risk of neonatal death
d. All of these
8. Which is the not Symptoms of Chickenpox

a. Malaise
b. Headache
c. Sore throat
d. Vomiting
Answers
1. Varicella zoster viruses
2. Under 10 years of age
3. 11-21 days
4. Giovanni fillipo
5. False
6. Herpes
7. All of the above
8. Vomiting
THANK
YOU !

Chickenpox

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PRESENTATION ON

INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY, GMC

 Chickenpox also known as Varicella is a very

 It was discovered by Giovanni Fillippo during the 15th century

 This virus belongs to Herpes family.

and in the nerves.

could also spreads by physical contact.

It is transmitted from person to person

 BY SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

 Congenital varicella syndrome

Aloe Vera Lemon

Tylenol Calamine lotion

2. Which age group population is mostly affected with

3. The incubation period of chickenpox is _____ days.

4. Who first discovered chickenpox

6. Varicella Zoster virus is a family of .......... virus

7. Chickenpox during pregnancy may results

8. Which is the not Symptoms of Chickenpox

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