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    Lesson 3 Geometric Sequence and Mean

    Uploaded by

    Richimon Licerio

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
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    of 27

    Geometric

    Sequence
    and Mean
    Geometric Sequence
    A sequence in which each
    successive term is found by
    multiplying the previous term by
    a fixed number, is called a
    Geometric sequence.

    The number that binds each


    sequence together is called the
    common ratio, denoted by r.
    The common ratio or r can be
    obtained by dividing any of the
    two consecutive terms in a
    geometric sequence, thus
    where n is any positive integer
    greater than 1.
    Example: Determine the common
    ratio of each geometric sequence.
    a. 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, . . .
    Solution
    a. Let

    or
    Solution
    a. Let

    or
    Solution
    a. Let

    or
    Solution
    a. Let

    or

    ∴ The common ratio (r) is 2


    b. 4, 12, 36, 108, . . .
    Solution
    b. Let

    or

    ∴ The common ratio (r) is 3


    c. -4, 8, -16, 32, -64, . . .
    Solution
    c. Let

    or

    ∴ The common ratio (r) is -2


    Formula for Geometric
    Sequence
    Thus, the nth term of a
    geometric sequence is

    Where:
    is nth term
    is the first term
    n is the number of terms
    r is the common ratio
    Example 1: Find the 8th term of the
    geometric sequence 3, 6, 12, 24, . . .
    Solution
    𝒏− 𝟏
    𝒂𝒏 =𝒂 𝟏 𝒓

    or
    Solve for the 8th term
    𝒏− 𝟏
    𝒂𝒏 =𝒂 𝟏 𝒓
    𝒂𝟖 = ( 𝟑 ) (𝟐 ¿ ¿ 𝟖 − 𝟏 ) ¿
    𝒂𝟖 = ( 𝟑 ) (𝟐 ¿ ¿ 𝟕 ) ¿
    𝒂𝟖 =(𝟑 )(𝟏𝟐𝟖 )
    𝒂𝟖 =( 𝟑𝟖𝟒 )
    ∴ The 8th term of the geometric
    sequence is 384.
    Example 2: Find the 10th term of the
    geometric sequence if the 2nd and 6th
    terms are 15 and 1 215, respectively
    Solution
    𝒏 − 𝟏
    𝒂𝒏 =𝒂 𝟏 𝒓

    At the 2nd term,


    𝒏 − 𝟏
    𝒂𝒏 =𝒂 𝟏 𝒓
    𝟐 −𝟏
    𝒂𝟐 = 𝒂𝟏 𝒓
    Equation 1
    At the 6th term,
    𝒏 − 𝟏
    𝒂𝒏 =𝒂 𝟏 𝒓
    𝟔 −𝟏
    𝒂𝟔 = 𝒂𝟏 𝒓
    Equation 2
    Divide equation 2 by equation 1
    𝟓
    𝟏𝟐𝟏 𝟓=𝒂𝟏 𝒓
    𝟏
    𝟏𝟓=𝒂𝟏 𝒓
    𝟒
    𝟖 𝟏= 𝒓
    √ 𝟖𝟏= √ 𝒓
    𝟒 𝟒 𝟒

    𝟑 =𝒓
    Solve for substitute in equation 1
    Equation 1
    𝟏𝟓 𝟑 𝒂 𝟏
    𝟏𝟓=𝒂𝟏 (𝟑) 𝟏𝟓=𝟑 𝒂 𝟏 =
    𝟏
    𝟑 𝟑
    𝟓=𝒂 𝟏
    After obtaining and , substitute in the
    geometric sequence formula aqnd solve
    for 𝒂 =(𝟓)(𝟑)
    𝟗
    𝒏− 𝟏 𝟏𝟎
    𝒂𝒏 =𝒂 𝟏 𝒓 𝒂 =(𝟓)(𝟏𝟗 𝟔𝟖𝟑)
    𝟏𝟎−𝟏 𝟏𝟎
    𝒂𝟏𝟎 =(𝟓)(𝟑) 𝒂𝟏𝟎 =(𝟗𝟖 𝟒𝟏𝟓)
    ∴ The 10th term of the geometric
    sequence is 98 415.
    Geometric Mean

    We described arithmetic means


    as the terms between two terms
    of an arithmetic sequence.
    Similarly, a geometric sequence
    means are the terms between
    two term in a geometric
    sequence.
    Example 1: Give the two geometric
    means between 1 and 125.
    Solution
    Since we want to insert two terms,
    we are considering here 4 terms.
    Let and use the formula

    Solve for common ratio.


    𝒏− 𝟏
    𝟏𝟐𝟓=(𝟏)𝒓 𝟓=𝒓
    𝟑
    𝒂𝒏 =𝒂 𝟏 𝒓
    𝟒−𝟏 𝟑
    𝒂𝟒 =𝒂 𝟏 𝒓 𝟏𝟐𝟓=𝒓
    √𝟏𝟐𝟓=√ 𝒓
    𝟒− 𝟏 𝟑 𝟑 𝟑
    𝟏𝟐𝟓=(𝟏)𝒓
    Find for and
    𝟐 −𝟏 𝟑 −𝟏
    𝒂𝟐=𝒂𝟏 𝒓 𝒂𝟑=𝒂𝟏 𝒓
    𝟐− 𝟏 𝟐
    𝒂𝟐=(𝟏)(𝟓) 𝒂𝟑=(𝟏)(𝟓)
    𝒂𝟐=(𝟏)(𝟓)
    𝟐− 𝟏
    𝒂𝟑=(𝟏)(𝟐𝟓)
    𝟏
    𝒂𝟐 =(𝟏)(𝟓) 𝒂𝟑 =𝟐𝟓
    𝒂𝟐 =𝟓
    ∴ The geometric means between 1
    and 125 are 5 and 25.
    Example 2: Find the three geometric
    means between 4 and 324.
    Solution
    We are going to insert 3 terms
    between 4 and 324, so there are 5
    terms in the sequence.
    Let and use the formula
    𝟒
    𝟑𝟐𝟒 𝟒 𝒓
    Solve for common ratio. =
    𝒏− 𝟏 𝟒 𝟒
    𝒂𝒏 =𝒂 𝟏 𝒓 𝟒

    𝒂𝟓=𝒂𝟏 𝒓
    𝟓 −𝟏
    𝟒
    √
    𝟑𝟐𝟒=(𝟒) 𝒓𝟒 𝟖𝟏=𝟒 𝒓 𝟑
    √
    𝟑𝟐𝟒=(𝟒)𝒓
    𝟓 −𝟏 𝟑𝟐𝟒=𝟒𝒓 𝟑=𝒓
    Find for , and
    𝟐 −𝟏 𝟑 −𝟏
    𝒂𝟐=𝒂𝟏 𝒓 𝒂𝟑=𝒂𝟏 𝒓
    𝟐 −𝟏 𝟑 −𝟏
    𝒂𝟐=(𝟒)(𝟑) 𝒂𝟑=(𝟒)(𝟑)
    𝟏 𝟐
    𝒂𝟐 =(𝟒)(𝟑) 𝒂𝟑 =(𝟒)(𝟑)
    𝒂𝟐 =𝟏𝟐 𝒂𝟑 =𝟑𝟔
    𝟒−𝟏
    𝒂𝟒 =𝒂 𝟏 𝒓
    𝟒− 𝟏 ∴ The geometric
    𝒂𝟒 =(𝟒) (𝟑)
    𝟑
    means between 4
    𝒂𝟒 =(𝟒) (𝟑) and 324 are 12, 36,
    𝒂𝟒 =𝟏𝟎𝟖 and 108.
    Activity 5.A: Find the
    common ratio of each
    geometric sequence.
    1. 2, 8, 32, 128, . . .
    2. 5, 15, 45, 135, . . .
    3. 8, 4, 2, 1, . . .
    4. 12, 36, 108, 324, . . .
    5. 4, 28, 196, 1 372, . . .
    Activity 5.B: Determine the
    indicated term in each
    geometric sequence.
    1. -3, 6, -12, 24, -48, . . . 20th term
    2. 2, 8, 32, 128, . . . 10th term
    3. 5, 15, 45, . . . 12th term
    4. 4, 12, 36, 108, . . . 18th term
    5. 2, 10, 50, 250, . . . 15th term
    Activity 5.C: Find the 3
    geometric mean between the
    given numbers.
    1. 11 and 72
    2. 2 and 1 250
    3. 1 and 320
    4. 1 and 87
    5. 8 and 124
    Assignment 3:

    Answer page 23
    “Follow-up Practice”
    Numbers from 1-12
    Thank you for
    watching!!!
    See you soon. 

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