Differential Diagnosis of Head and Swelling
Differential Diagnosis of Head and Swelling
Changes in the skin It is important to examine changes in the skin that could indicate basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell cancer, and malignant melanoma.
Persistent Ear Pain or ear pain while swallowing may be a symptom of infection or a growth in the throat.
Safe
Rapid Inexpensive
Presurgical planning
Avoids open biopsy
Lymph nodes, which are part of the immune system, can enlarge when the body rallies to fight an infection. When the infection recedes, lymph swelling subsides as well.
These include cysts, thyroid masses, vascular masses, salivary gland masses, and others.
Dermoid cyst
A dermoid cyst is a congenital defect (present from birth) that occurs during embryonic development when the skin layers do not properly grow together. A dermoid cyst is lined with epithelium, which contains tissues and cells normally present in skin layers, including hair follicles, sebaceous (skin oil), and sweat glands. These glands and tissues secrete their normal substances which collect inside the cyst, causing it to grow and enlarge.
Ranula
Ranula presents as a Cystic swelling in the floor of mouth. It occurs as a mucous extravasation from sublingual salivary gland. May extend through the mylohyoid muscles into the neckPlunging Ranula Surgical treatment is by removal of the Sublingual gland associated with the swelling.
Submandibular Abscesses, Ludwigs Angina occur secondary to odontogenic infections and Parotid or submandibular gland abscesses etc, need to undergo incision and drainage under G.A, along antibiotic treatment.
Neoplastic Masses can be classified into two types (i.e) benign and malignant masses.
Any structure of the head and neck may be involved. Skin, SC Tissue, fat, nerve muscle, blood vessel can be affected. For example, Lipoma (Fat), Fibroma (Fibrous tissue), Hemangioma( Blood vessel), Neuroma (Nerve).
aero-digestive tract.
- May also arise from skin and soft and hard tissues of head and neck-SCC, melanoma - It can occur from the salivary glands, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland.
Secondary cancers are tumors that have spread from primary tumors in other parts of the body to the head or neck.
Most often, secondary tumors of the neck originate in the lung, breast, kidney, or from melanomas in the skin. Cancers in the nasal and sinus passages may spread to the brain through nerves in the skull.
Lymphomas
Lymphomas are malignant cell infiltrations of the lymphatic system. Once a malignancy begins in one part of the lymph system, it often spreads throughout the rest of the system before it is detected.
Lymphomas
Lymphomas share similar symptoms such as painless swelling of the lymph nodes, fever and fatigue. Broadly, they are classified as either non-Hodgkin's and Hodgkin's.
Summary
Head and Neck lumps are not that uncommon