Presentation of Shrinkage of Knits
Presentation of Shrinkage of Knits
Causes
SHRINKAGE DEFINED Types of knitted fabric
REFERENCE
yarn or fabric.{3} Shrinkage is when a fabric becomes smaller than its original size, usually through the process of laundry. {1} The term shrinkage can simply be defined as a change in the dimensions of a fabric or garment. This dimensional change may be in a positive or negative (shrinkage) direction for fabric length, width, and thickness.{2}
shrinkage of knitted clothes. Very hot water in the washing machine or high-heat drying, either from a laundry dryer or even hot heat from the sun will reduce the size of clothes, especially cotton knitted fabrics. mohair, the wet fabric inside a washer or dryer will create a reaction that can much shrink the material.{4}
Causes
High Stresses & strains exerted on the knitted fabric,
during Knitting, Dyeing & Processing & the fabric not being allowed to relax properly, thereafter.
High shrinkage is primarily due to the fabric being
subject to high tension, during the Knitting, Dyeing & the Finishing processes.{5}
Construction Shrinkage
Drying Shrinkage
Elastic Shrinkage
Processing Shrinkage {2}
machine it has natural characteristics based only on the yarn construction variables used. These characteristics or conditions and can be tested for various specifications including shrinkage. The type of shrinkage measured at this point is defined as construction shrinkage. Construction shrinkage is defined as the amount of dimensional change in a fabric based only on the construction variables used to create the fabric. It is measured after fabrication but before following processes.{2}
a knitted fabric when de swelling of fiber, yarn, and construction occurs in the drying step. The structure shrinks upon itself as a result of the physics of drying. Tumble drying without restrictions (tension) is a form of mechanical compression and allows for maximum drying shrinkage to take place.
In Figure 1, the loop shown on the right is elongated in the length direction and would show high length shrinkage. After the fabric is allowed to shrink due to the swelling and de swelling under tensionless conditions and mechanical action, the loop assumes a rounded shape as shown on the left. {2}
Relaxed Loop
Elongated Loop
of a knitted fabric as a result of the ability of the fabric to freely relax from tensions experienced during construction and other processing. Normally, the recovery from elastic stresses (realization of elastic shrinkage) is fairly spontaneous when these stresses are relieved, especially in a dry medium.{2}
and in an apparel manufacturing operation affect the dimensions of a product. Some techniques have more impact than others. These steps create processing shrinkage, which can be defined as the dimensional change that a process adds to or removes from the construction shrinkage of a fabric, and thereby changes the remaining shrinkage accordingly. Length and width dimensions are both affected, and the fabrics may either be stretched. Most often, the length is stretched and the width is reduced during wet processing. {2}
Jersey
Fleece knit{6}
or a cotton and synthetic blend. Some common uses for jersey fabric include t-shirts and winter bedding. The fabric is warm, flexible, stretchy, and very insulating, making it a popular choice for the layer worn closest to the body. Jersey also tends to be soft, making it very comfortable.{7} Jersey knit fabric can and will shrink due to the simple fact that it is a knit. While 1/2"-1" would probably be considered average, textile manufacturers have seen shrinkage of up to 3" or more.{8}
0
Greige Dry No Spread Dry Spread Compact No Spread Compact Spread
tops, children's clothing, loungewear and more. And it is sewing with knit fabrics.{9} In laundering tests, it was found that the shrinkage of the yarn was negligible, usually less than 1% in the finished fabrics.{13}
1x1 Ribbing
knit fabric is ribbed on both the front and the back side of the fabric. These knits look smooth on both sides, and have little elasticity in the width, but good elasticity in the length.
fabrics that are each made with a single yarn. Even dry cleaning can produce some shrinkage. {10}
% Length Shrinkage
{11}
25
20 15 10 5 0 260 Inches
Greige
Dry No Spread
wool or cotton in a plain, twill, pile or knitted weave. Fleece has a deep, soft nap or pile obtained by heavily napping with wire brushes or with a pile weave. This provides air space giving good insulating properties without too much weight. The inter-lacing space is covered by the nap. The nap wears out in time, but good quality cloth gives good wear. Range from cheap to expensive clothes. Material is often cumbersome and bulky, therefore it may be difficult to manipulate.{12}
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