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Exfiltration Over Web Service: Exfiltration to Cloud Storage
Other sub-techniques of Exfiltration Over Web Service (2)
| ID | Name |
|---|---|
| T1567.001 | Exfiltration to Code Repository |
| T1567.002 | Exfiltration to Cloud Storage |
Adversaries may exfiltrate data to a cloud storage service rather than over their primary command and control channel. Cloud storage services allow for the storage, edit, and retrieval of data from a remote cloud storage server over the Internet.
Examples of cloud storage services include Dropbox and Google Docs. Exfiltration to these cloud storage services can provide a significant amount of cover to the adversary if hosts within the network are already communicating with the service.
Procedure Examples
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
| Empire | |
| HAMMERTOSS |
HAMMERTOSS exfiltrates data by uploading it to accounts created by the actors on Web cloud storage providers for the adversaries to retrieve later.[2] |
| Leviathan |
Leviathan has used an uploader known as LUNCHMONEY that can exfiltrate files to Dropbox.[5][6] |
| Turla |
Turla has used WebDAV to upload stolen USB files to a cloud drive.[3] Turla has also exfiltrated stolen files to OneDrive and 4shared.[4] |
Mitigations
| Mitigation | Description |
|---|---|
| Restrict Web-Based Content |
Web proxies can be used to enforce an external network communication policy that prevents use of unauthorized external services. |
Detection
Analyze network data for uncommon data flows (e.g., a client sending significantly more data than it receives from a server) to known cloud storage services. Processes utilizing the network that do not normally have network communication or have never been seen before are suspicious. User behavior monitoring may help to detect abnormal patterns of activity.
References
- Schroeder, W., Warner, J., Nelson, M. (n.d.). Github PowerShellEmpire. Retrieved April 28, 2016.
- FireEye Labs. (2015, July). HAMMERTOSS: Stealthy Tactics Define a Russian Cyber Threat Group. Retrieved September 17, 2015.
- Symantec DeepSight Adversary Intelligence Team. (2019, June 20). Waterbug: Espionage Group Rolls Out Brand-New Toolset in Attacks Against Governments. Retrieved July 8, 2019.
- Faou, M. (2020, May). From Agent.btz to ComRAT v4: A ten-year journey. Retrieved June 15, 2020.
- Axel F, Pierre T. (2017, October 16). Leviathan: Espionage actor spearphishes maritime and defense targets. Retrieved February 15, 2018.
- FireEye. (2018, March 16). Suspected Chinese Cyber Espionage Group (TEMP.Periscope) Targeting U.S. Engineering and Maritime Industries. Retrieved April 11, 2018.