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Fatimah bint Muhammad al-Taymi

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Fatimah bint Muhammad al-Taymi
فاطمة بنت محمد التيمي
Zawjat al khalifa
Consort of the Abbasid caliph
Tenure765/66 – 775
Born740s
DiedBaghdad, Abbasid Caliphate
SpouseAl-Mansur
Children
Names
Umm Sulayman Fatimah bint Muhammad al-Taymi
HouseBanu Taym (by birth)
Abbasid (by marriage)
FatherMuhammad al-Taymi
ReligionIslam

Fāṭimah bint Muḥammad al-Taymī (Arabic: فاطمة بنت محمد التيمي) was the third influential wife of the Abbasid caliph al-Mansur. She was the mother of famous prince Sulayman.

Biography

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Fatimah belonged to Banu Taym clan of the Quraysh. She was also known as 'Fatimah al-Talhi'. Before her marriage to Caliph al-Mansur, her husband was married to Arwa.

Al-Mansur's first wife was Arwa, known as Umm Musa, whose lineage went back to the kings of Himyar.[1][2] She had two sons, Muhammad (the future caliph al-Mahdi) and Ja'far.[1] According to their pre-marital agreement, while Arwa was still alive, al-Mansur had no right to take other wives and have concubines. Al-Mansur tried to annul this agreement several times, but Arwa always managed to convince the judges to not accede to the caliph's attempts. Arwa died in 764.[1] After her death, al-Mansur married Hammadah and Fatimah.

Fatimah became the third wife of al-Mansur. Her father was Muhammad, a descendant of a prominent companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, Talhah ibn Ubaydallah. She had three sons, Sulayman,[3][4] Isa, and Ya'qub.[2]

Fatimah lived most of her life in the caliphal palace. She became the most influential wife of al-Mansur after Arwa. Her sons were not in the line of succession as al-Mansur kept his eldest sons as heirs. However, Fatimah's sons became important officials of the Caliphate.

Family

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Fatimah was related to the several members of the Abbasid ruling house of the Caliphate.

No. Family member Relation
1 Al-Mansur Husband
2 Al-Mahdi Step-son
3 Sulayman Elder son
4 Isa ibn al-Mansur Son
5 Ya'qub ibn al-Mansur Youngest son
6 Ja'far ibn al-Mansur Step-son
7 Salih al-Miskin Step-son
8 Qasim ibn al-Mansur Step-son
9 Aliyah bint al-Mansur Step-daughter
10 Abbasa bint Sulayman Granddaughter
11 Ja'far ibn Abi Ja'far Step-son

References

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  1. ^ a b c Abbott, Nabia (1946). Two Queens of Baghdad: Mother and Wife of Hārūn Al Rashīd. University of Chicago Press. pp. 15–16. ISBN 978-0-86356-031-6.
  2. ^ a b Al-Tabari; Hugh Kennedy (1990). The History of al-Tabari Vol. 29: Al-Mansur and al-Mahdi A.D. 763-786/A.H. 146-169. SUNY series in Near Eastern Studies. State University of New York Press. pp. 148–49.
  3. ^ Madelung 2000, p. 328.
  4. ^ Kennedy 1990, pp. 94, 148–149.

Sources

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