List of wars involving Albania
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History of Albania |
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Timeline |
This is a list of wars that Albanian states and Albanian armed forces have been involved in.
- Albanian victory
- Albanian defeat
- Another result (e.g. a treaty or peace without a clear result, status quo ante bellum, result of civil war or internal conflict, result unknown, mixed results, stalemate, ceasefire or indecisive)
- Ongoing conflict
Medieval Albania (968–1479)
[edit]Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Result |
---|---|---|---|
Arbanon-Zetan War (Between 1208–1216) | Principality of Arbanon | Principality of Zeta Republic of Venice |
Victory
|
Rebellion of Arbanon (1257–1259) | Principality of Arbanon | Empire of Nicaea | Inconclusive
|
Byzantine-Angevin war (1274–1281)[1] | Byzantine Empire | Kingdom of Albania Angevin Kingdom of Sicily | Victory
|
Stefan Milutin's invasion of North Albania | Principality of Muzaka Byzantine Empire |
Kingdom of Serbia (medieval) | Victory
|
Albanian Resistance against the Serbian Kingdom/Empire (1336–1355) | Kingdom of Albania | Kingdom of Serbia (medieval) (1336–1346)
Serbian Empire (1346–1355) |
Eventual Albanian victory
|
Muzaka-Serbian war of 1340[7][8] | Principality of Muzaka | Serbian Empire | Victory
|
Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347 | John V Palaiologos Regents: Anna of Savoy John XIV Kalekas Alexios Apokaukos Allies: Zealots of Thessalonica Serbia (1343–1347) Bulgaria Principality of Karvuna |
John VI Kantakouzenos Allies: Serbia (1342–1343) Beylik of Aydin (1342/3–1345) Ottoman beylik (1345–1347) Beylik of Saruhan Principality of Albania Principality of Muzaka |
Mixed Results
|
Albanian-Epirote War of 1359 | Albanian Losha Family and Shpata Family | Despotate of Epirus | Victory
|
Albanian-Epirote War (1367–70) | Albanian Losha Family | Despotate of Epirus in Ioannina | Ceasefire
|
Muzaka-Serbian war
(1369) |
Principality of Muzaka | Serbian Empire | Victory
|
Albanian-Prilep War (1371) | Principality of Muzaka Principality of Gropa |
Lordship of Prilep | Victory
|
Albanian-Epirote War (1374–1375) | Despotate of Arta | Despotate of Epirus in Ioannina | Ceasefire
|
Durrës Expedition (1376) | Principality of Albania | Navarrese Company | Defeat
|
Invasion of Arta by the Knights Hospitaller (1378) | Despotate of Arta | Knights Hospitaller | Victory
|
Battle of Durazzo (1383) | Principality of Albania | Kingdom of Albania | Victory
|
Albanian-Epirote War (1381–84) | Despotate of Arta | Despotate of Epirus in Ioannina Ottoman Empire |
Victory
|
Zetan-Albania War (1382–1385) | Princedom of Albania | Lordship of Zeta | Victory
|
Albanian-Epirote War of 1385[11] | Despotate of Arta | Despotate of Epirus | Ceasefire
|
Albanian-Epirote War of 1389–90[12] | Despotate of Arta (all four battles) Malakasi Tribe (second battle) |
Despotate of Epirus (all four battles) Thessaly (second battle) Ottoman Empire (third and fourth battles) |
Defeat
|
Venetian-Albanian War (1392) | Princedom of Albania | Republic of Venice | Defeat
|
Bosnian Invasion of Zeta under the Balšići (1396) | Principality of Zeta | Kingdom of Bosnia Republic of Venice |
Victory
|
Thopia civil War (1392–1403)[citation needed] | Forces under Niketa Thopia | Forces under Helena Thopia | Niketa Thopia Victory
|
Albanian-Epirote War of 1399-1400 (April 1399 – July 1400)[citation needed] |
Albanian Zenebishi Family | Despotate of Epirus Pro-Epirote Albanian Clans |
Victory
|
Vonko–Shpata War (November 1400 – Late 1401) |
Despotate of Arta | Vonko's Forces | Victory
|
Civil war of the Despotate of Arta (1401–08)[13] (late 1401 – 1408) | 1401–1403: Despotate of Arta supported by Skurra Bua Shpata and Muriq Shpata 1403–1407:
Ottoman Empire (1406 only) |
County palatine of Cephalonia and Zakynthos | Sgouros and Paul are defeated, Maurice is victorious
|
Zenebishi-Venetian war (1402–1413) | Principality of Gjirokastër | Republic of Venice | Defeat
|
First Scutari War (early 1405 – January 1413) | Balšići Lordship of Zeta Crnojević family Albanian Humoj family Serb peasants Albanian peasants Albanian Zaharia family (late 1412 – early 1413) |
Republic of Venice Zaharia family (early 1405 – late 1412) Albanian Jonima family |
Mixed results
|
Second Thopia-Muzaka War (late 1411) |
Albanian Thopia family | Muzaka family | Muzaka Victory
|
Albanian-Epirote War of 1412 (1412) | Albanian Zenebishi Family
Albanian Shpata Family |
Despotate of Epirus Greeks of Ioannina |
Victory
|
Ottoman-Gjirokastër War (1414) | Albanian Zenebishi Family | Ottoman Empire | Defeat
|
Albanian-Epirote War of 1416 (October 1416) |
Despotate of Arta | Despotate of Epirus | Defeat
|
Second Ottoman-Gjirokastër War (1418) | Albanian Zenebishi Family | Ottoman Empire | Defeat
|
Second Scutari War (1419–23) | Zeta Serbian Despotate (after 1421) Albanian nobility: |
Republic of Venice | Inconclusive
|
Albanian Revolt (1432–36) | Albanian rebels
|
Ottoman Empire | Mixed results
|
Albanian-Ottoman wars (1443–1479) |
1443–44: Kastrioti Family Arianiti Family 1444–46: 1446–50: 1450–51: 1451–54: 1454–56: 1456–68: 1468–78: 1478–79:
Lordship of Zeta (Siege of Shkodra only) |
1443–44: Ottoman Empire 1444–46: 1446–50: 1450–51: 1451–54: 1454–56: 1456–68: 1468–78: 1478–79: |
Ottoman conquest of Albania halted until 1479
|
Albanian–Venetian War (December 1447 – October 1448) |
League of Lezhë | Republic of Venice Pro-Venetian Alliance:
|
Victory
|
Skanderbeg's Serbian campaign (1448) |
League of Lezhë | Despotate of Serbia | Victory
|
Ottoman–Venetian War (1463–1479) | Republic of Venice Papal States League of Lezhë Principality of Zeta Maniots Greek rebels |
Ottoman Empire | Ottoman victory, Treaty of Constantinople (1479) |
Ottoman Albania (1479–1912)
[edit]Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Result |
---|---|---|---|
Crnojević-Kastrioti Invasion of Zeta (June 1481) |
Zetan rebels Crnojević family Kastrioti family |
Ottoman Empire | Victory
|
First Süleyman Invasion of Montenegro
(1685) |
Bushati family | Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro
Support: |
Victory
|
Kosovo campaign of The Holy League (1689) | Holy League | Ottoman empire | Victory
|
Second Süleyman Invasion of Montenegro
(1692) |
Bushati family | Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro | Victory
|
Shkodran Invasion of Ulcinj (1772) |
Pashalik of Scutari | Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro | Victory
|
Shkodran Invasion of Brda (1774) (1774) |
Pashalik of Scutari | Brda Tribes:
|
Bushati Defeat
|
First Scutari-Berat War | Pashalik of Scutari | Pashalik of Berat | Scutari victory
|
Scutari invasion of Montenegro (1785) | Pashalik of Scutari | Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro
|
Victory
|
First Scutari-Ottoman War | Pashalik of Scutari | Ottoman Empire | Inconclusive
|
Souliote War (1789–1793) | Pashalik of Yanina | Albanian Souliotes | Souliote Victory |
Shkodran Invasion of Brda (1794) (1794) |
Bushati family | Brda Tribes: | Bushati Defeat |
Second Scutari-Ottoman War
(1795) |
Pashalik of Scutari | Ottoman Empire | Albanian Victory
|
Second Scutari invasion of Montenegro (Early 1796–September 1796) |
Pashalik of Scutari | Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro
|
Defeat
|
Ali Pasha's Invasion of Butrint
(18–25 October 1798) |
Pashalik of Yanina
|
First French Republic | Victory
|
Ali Pasha's Invasion of the Pashalik of Berat
(1808) |
Pashalik of Yanina | Pashalik of Berat | Pashalik of Yanina Victory
|
Turco-Egyptian conquest of Sudan (1820–1824) | Egypt Eyalet under Muhammad Ali | Sennar Sultanate Shayqih Kingdom Sultanate of Darfur | Victory
|
Ottoman-Bushati War (March – November 1831) |
Bushati family
Financial Support: |
Ottoman Empire | Defeat
|
First Egyptian–Ottoman War (1831–1833) | Egypt Eyalet under Muhammad Ali
Albanian bashi-bazouks |
Ottoman Empire | Victory
|
Second Egyptian–Ottoman War (1839–1841) | Egypt Eyalet under Muhammad Ali
Albanian bashi-bazouks Spanish Empire Kingdom of France |
Ottoman Empire | Mixed results
|
Montenegrin Civil War of 1847[26][27][28] | Brda Tribes
Crmnica Tribes |
Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro | Defeat
|
League of Prizren Secessionist War (1880–1881) |
League of Prizren | Ottoman Empire | Defeat
|
Greco-Turkish War of 1897 | Ottoman Empire | Greece | Victory |
Malissori uprising
(1911) |
Albanian tribes | Ottoman Empire | Victory
|
Albanian Revolt of 1912
(1912) |
Independent Albania | Ottoman Empire | Victory
|
Albanian Independence to the end of the First World War (1912–1918)
[edit]Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Result |
---|---|---|---|
Peasant Revolt in Albania (May–October 1914) |
Principality of Albania Kosovar Albanian Kachaks Mirdita Tribesmen Mati Tribesmen Austro-Hungarian Volunteers Romanian Volunteers Support: Austro-Hungarian Empire Kingdom of the Netherlands |
Muslim Albanian Rebels Republic of Central Albania Support: Ottoman Empire |
Principality of Albania victory
|
Italian invasion of Vlorë (December 1914) | Principality of Albania | Kingdom of Italy | Defeat
|
Austro-Hungarian invasion of Albania (January 1916–April 1916) |
Austro-Hungarian Empire Albanian guerrillas |
Kingdom of Italy Republic of Central Albania |
Austro-Hungarian victory |
Central Power invasion of Albania (December 1915) |
Austro-Hungarian Empire Kingdom of Bulgaria (Until September 1917) Gheg guerrillas Tosk guerrillas Mati Tribesmen |
Republic of Central Albania |
Interwar Period (1918–1939)
[edit]Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Result |
---|---|---|---|
Korçë Crisis (1916–1920) | Albanian Cheta | French Third Republic
Support: |
Victory
|
Koplik War (1920–1921) | Principality of Albania Albanian Rebels |
Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes | Victory |
Vlora War (1920) |
Principality of Albania Albanian Rebels |
Kingdom of Italy | Victory |
War in Dibra[34](1920) | Albanian highlanders | Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
Greek volunteers |
Mixed results
|
Albanian–Yugoslav border war (1921)(1921) | Principality of Albania | Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes | Victory
|
Italian invasion of Albania (1939) |
Kingdom of Albania | Kingdom of Italy | Defeat |
World War II and Cold War period (1939–1991)
[edit]Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Result |
---|---|---|---|
Greco-Italian War (1940–1941) |
Kingdom of Italy | Kingdom of Greece Air support: British Empire |
Stalemate
|
War of Ceraja and Slatina (1941)[35][36] |
Albanian irregulars | Chetniks | Victory |
Invasion of Yugoslavia
(1941) |
Nazi Germany | Yugoslavia | Victory
|
Albanian Resistance of World War II (1939–1944) |
LANÇ Legality Movement Balli Kombëtar (Until 1943) |
Kingdom of Italy (Until 1943)
Nazi Germany (From 1943) Balli Kombëtar (From 1943) |
Albanian Communist Victory
|
Albanian–Yugoslav border conflict (1948–1954) | PR Albania | SFR Yugoslavia | Albanian Victory
|
Korean War (25 June 1950 – 27 July 1953) |
North Korea China Supported by: Soviet Union People's Socialist Republic of Albania |
South Korea United Nations Command |
Stalemate
|
Cameroon War (1955–1964) | Union of the Peoples of Cameroon Supported And Aided by: People's Socialist Republic of Albania[39] |
Independence War Phase (1955-1960) France (1955-1960) Civil War Phase (1960-1964) |
Inconclusive
|
Araguaia Guerrilla War (1966–1974) | Communist Party of Brazil Supported And Aided by: People's Socialist Republic of Albania[41] |
Brazilian military government | Government victory
|
Vietnam War (1 November 1955 – 30 April 1975) |
|
|
North Vietnamese victory |
Post Cold War (1991–present)
[edit]Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Result |
---|---|---|---|
Kosovo War (1998-1999) |
KLA | Yugoslavia | Kumanovo Agreement
|
References
[edit]Citations
[edit]- ^ Tà huajt pÃr shqipÃrinà dhe shqiptarÃT. ISBN 9788434025066.
- ^ a b c Fine, John V. A. (1994). The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest. University of Michigan Press. pp. 290–291. ISBN 978-0-472-08260-5.
- ^ Rivista di etnografia. Vol. 25. 1971. p. 6.
- ^ Historia e popullit shqiptar (in Albanian). Botimet Toena. 2002. ISBN 978-99927-1-622-9.
- ^ M. Th. Houtsma (1987). E. J. Brill's first encyclopaedia of Islam 1913-1936. BRILL. p. 456. ISBN 9004082654. Retrieved 15 November 2011.
- ^ Qeriqi, Ahmet (1300s). The stone of the oath. Albania: Ahmet Qeriqi. p. 169. ISBN 978-1-64268-417-9. Retrieved 18 January 2024.
- ^ The Mediterranean and the Mediterranean world in the age of Philip II, Volume 2. ISBN 0520203305.
- ^ The Late Medieval Balkans. ISBN 9780472086205.
{{cite book}}
: Check|isbn=
value: checksum (help) - ^ Nicol, Donald M. (1984). The Despotate of Epiros, 1267–1479: A Contribution to the History of Greece in the Middle Ages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 142–145. ISBN 978-0-521-13089-9.
- ^ John V. A. Fine (jr.), John Van Antwerp Fine. The Late Medieval Balkans A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest. University of Michigan Press. p. 384. ISBN 978-0-4720-8260-5.
...The Angevins retained Durazzo for a time, for in 1379 Joanna's new husband, Robert of Artois, is found issuing to Dubrovnik a charter pertaining to Durazzo. Karlo Thopia, who held the territory both north and south of the city, soon, probably in 1383, regained possession of Durazzo...
- ^ Fine, John V. A. Jr. (1994) [1987]. The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press. p. 355. ISBN 0-472-08260-4.
Early in 1385 John Spata attacked Jannina but soon withdrew when he saw he could not crack the defenses created by Esau.
- ^ Fine, John V. A. Jr. (1994) [1987]. The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press. p. 355. ISBN 0-472-08260-4.
- ^ Fine, John V. A. Jr. (1994) [1987]. The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press. ISBN 0-472-08260-4.[page needed]
- ^ Fine, John V. A. Jr. (1994) [1987]. The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press. ISBN 0-472-08260-4.
However, despite winning a major open-field battle against Tocco's forces in 1412, the Albanian allies could not take Jannina
- ^ Fine, John V. A. Jr. (1994) [1987]. The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press. p. 356. ISBN 0-472-08260-4.
Carlo brought his forces south; the people of Arta submitted to him, and he entered the town in October 1416..
- ^ Rogers, Caferro & Reid 2010, p. 1-PA471.
- ^ Frashëri 2002, pp. 160–161
- ^ Mehmetaj, Gani. "Gjergj Kastrioti është i vetmi shqiptar që e shkeli dhe e dogji Serbinë!". botasot.info. Gani Mehemtaj. Retrieved 30 January 2024.
- ^ Frashëri, Kristo (2002). Gjergj Kastrioti Skënderbeu: jeta dhe vepra (1405-1468) (in Albanian). Botimet Toena. pp. 160–161. ISBN 978-99927-1-627-4. Archived from the original on 2023-04-12. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
- ^ Ciriacono, Salvatore (October 15, 2014). "Scanderbeg tra storia e storiografia" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 October 2020.
«Indignato per non aver potuto correre in aiuto di Hunyadi, in una guerra che forse poteva mutare il destino dell'Albania e dell'intera penisola balcanica, Scanderbeg corse per la Serbia saccheggiandola e mettendola a ferro e fuoco, per punire il krajl infedele. Se ne tornò poi a Croia, amareggiato, verso la fine di novembre»
- ^ Setton, Kenneth Meyer (1976). The Papacy and the Levant, 1204-1571: The fifteenth century. American Philosophical Society. p. 100. ISBN 978-0-87169-127-9.
Scanderbeg intended to go "peronalmente" with an army to assist Hunyadi, but was prevented from doing so by Branković, whose lands he ravaged as punishment for the Serbian desertion of the Christian cause.
- ^ Waterson, James (2016-07-04). Dracula's Wars: Vlad the Impaler and his Rivals. The History Press. ISBN 978-0-7509-6916-1. Archived from the original on 2023-04-12. Retrieved 2023-04-12.
- ^ Gloyer, Gillian (2008). Albania: The Bradt Travel Guide. Bradt Travel Guides. ISBN 978-1-84162-246-0.
- ^ Barjaktarović, Mirko (1984). Rovca: etnološka monografija (in Serbian). Crnogorska akademija nauka i umjetnosti.
- ^ a b Kosovo: A Short History . p. 176
- ^ Michael Schuman (14 May 2014). Serbia and Montenegro. Infobase. p. 19. ISBN 9781438122526. Retrieved 24 March 2016.
- ^ Clissold, Henry Clifford Darby (1966). Short History of Yugoslavia. CUP Archive. p. 79. Retrieved 24 March 2016.
civil war montenegro 1847.
- ^ William Miller (12 October 2012). The Ottoman Empire and Its Successors, 1801-1927. Routledge. ISBN 9781136260469. Retrieved 24 March 2016.
- ^ Kokkinos, P. (1965). Կոկինոս Պ., Հունահայ գաղութի պատմությունից (1918–1927) (in Armenian). Yerevan: National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia. pp. 14, 208–209. ISBN 9789609952002. Cited in Vardanyan, Gevorg (12 November 2012). Հայ-հունական համագործակցության փորձերը Հայոց ցեղասպանության տարիներին (1915–1923 թթ.) [The attempts of the Greek-Armenian Co-operation during the Armenian Genocide (1915–1923)]]. akunq.net (in Armenian). Research Center on Western Armenian Studies. Archived from the original on 25 August 2020. Retrieved 25 August 2020.
- ^ Gyula Andrássy, Bismarck, Andrássy, and Their Successors, Houghton Mifflin, 1927, p. 273.
- ^ Jung, Peter (20 May 2003). The Austro-Hungarian Forces in World War I (1): 1914-16. Bloomsbury USA. p. 13. ISBN 9781841765945. Retrieved 19 April 2015.
- ^ a b "26 July 1920, took place the Koplik war against the Yugoslav army". www.qmksh.al. 25 July 2017.
- ^ a b "Malësorët e Malësisë (Në Mal të Zi) dhe Lufta e Koplikut". 12 October 2020.
- ^ Xhafa, Bajram. Lufta e Dibrës(1920). ISBN 9992749555.
- ^ "Balli Kombëtar Demokrat". web.archive.org. 2015-06-02. Retrieved 2024-04-03.
- ^ "Kadri Bistrica and the War of Ceraja and Sllatina".
- ^ "The life of Kadri Bestrica".
- ^ "Kadri Bistrica, the Guardian of Albania".
- ^ Bego, Fabio. "Race and Exclusion in State Socialism: African Students in Communist Albania". balkaninsight.com. Fabio Bego. Retrieved 10 May 2024.
- ^ "The Forgotten Cameroon War".
- ^ Molla, Ylli (2016). Guerilas made in Albania historia e Arafatit. Botart. ISBN 978-9928-219-00-8.
- ^ Korriku, Artur (1966). ""After training in the secret bases in Dragot e Tale of Lezha, we, the 12 scouts, went to Vietnam, where for a year we fought against the Americans and…"/ The rare testimony of the colonel, about the Asian adventure, in '66- RA". Artur Korriku. memorie.al. Retrieved 8 June 2024.
- ^ Korriku, Artur. "Vietnam/Historia e 12 zbuluesve shqiptarë në luftën kundër SHBA". Javanews. Javanews. Retrieved 8 June 2024.
- ^ "ALBANIANS PLEDGE FULL SUPPORT TO VIETNAMESE PEOPLE IN THEIR STRUGGLE FOR COMPLETE VICTORY" (PDF). bannedthought.net. Gamma Publishing. Retrieved 8 June 2024.
Bibliography
[edit]- Elsie, Robert (2010). Historical Dictionary of Albania. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-7380-3.
- Pollo, Stefanaq (1984), Historia e Shqipërisë: Vitet 30 të shek. XIX-1912 (in Albanian), Akademia e Shkencave e RPS të Shqipërisë, Instituti i Historisë, OCLC 165705732
- Rogers, C.J.; Caferro, W.; Reid, S. (2010). The Oxford Encyclopedia of Medieval Warfare and Military Technology. Vol. 1. Oxford University Press. pp. 1–471. ISBN 978-0-19-533403-6.