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September 1900

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September 8, 1900: Thousands killed by hurricane in Galveston, Texas

The following events occurred in September 1900:

September 1, 1900 (Saturday)

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September 2, 1900 (Sunday)

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September 3, 1900 (Monday)

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  • The 1899 Hague Convention came into effect, with many of the world's major powers (but not the United States) agreeing to attempt peaceful resolution of international conflicts.[5]
  • On Labor Day in Charleston, South Carolina, the "Capital City Guards", an African-American regiment of the South Carolina state guard, were giving an exhibition drill at Capital Square, when a group of white men on horseback drove into the black crowd, knocking down a woman and a child. Eight members of the guard chased after the attackers, then attached bayonets to their rifles and charged into the crowd. Although nobody was seriously injured, Governor Miles Benjamin McSweeney ordered the disbanding of the 14-year-old unit the next day, after finding that the guards had accumulated a large stock of ammunition in their armory.[6]
  • A 3200-volt power line crossed onto the St. Louis Metropolitan Police Department call box circuit. 16 police officers were electrocuted while attempting to use call boxes. Police Officer John P. Looney and Police Officer Nicholas F. Beckman died the same day; Police Officer Michael Burke would die of his injuries on December 13, 1901.[7][8][9]
  • Born: Urho Kekkonen, President of Finland from 1956 to 1982; in Pielavesi (d. 1986)

September 4, 1900 (Tuesday)

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September 5, 1900 (Wednesday)

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September 6, 1900 (Thursday)

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September 7, 1900 (Friday)

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September 8, 1900 (Saturday)

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  • A powerful hurricane hit Galveston, Texas, killing at least 6,000 of the island's 38,000 residents. The storm reached Galveston Island, off the Gulf Coast of Texas, at 2:00 a.m. By noon, the waters were over the bridges to the mainland and flood waters rolled in after 3:00 pm.[14] The anemometer measured the windspeed at 84 miles per hour (135 km/h) before blowing away at 6:15 p.m. At 7:32, the water level suddenly rose 4 feet (1.2 m) as waves rolled in, and within 30 minutes, the water was 8 feet (2.4 m) deep.[15]

September 9, 1900 (Sunday)

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  • The Galveston hurricane ended after the entire island had been under 8 feet (2.4 m) of water. "Without apparent reason", reporter Richard Spillane would write later, "the waters suddenly began to subside at 1:45 a.m. Within twenty minutes they had gone down two feet, and before daylight the streets were practically freed of the flood waters."[14] When the survivors ventured out, the full extent of the storm was realized, with thousands of corpses across the island. By month's end, at least 2,311 bodies had been recovered.[16]
  • Born: James Hilton, English writer, author of Lost Horizon and Goodbye, Mr. Chips; in Leigh, Lancashire (d. 1954)

September 10, 1900 (Monday)

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  • A local militia company, the "Galveston Sharpshooters", began patrolling Galveston, Texas the day after the hurricane had passed on, and began dealing with looters. "On Monday, some men caught looting deserted houses and robbing dead bodies were promptly shot on the spot", it was noted fifty years later, "how many were never learned exactly."[17] One estimate was that there were as many as 250 looters killed, some found "with pockets full of fingers ... sliced off in their haste to procure the rings on them."[18]

September 11, 1900 (Tuesday)

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September 12, 1900 (Wednesday)

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September 13, 1900 (Thursday)

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September 14, 1900 (Friday)

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September 15, 1900 (Saturday)

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  • Rikken Seiyūkai, or "Friends of Constitutional Government", was founded as Japan's newest political party, with former Prime Minister Itō Hirobumi as its leader. The Seiyukai party won a majority in the elections in October, bringing Ito back into power.[29]

September 16, 1900 (Sunday)

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  • Prince Albert of Saxony, son of the King George, was killed in an accident after a collision with a carriage driven by Prince Miguel of Braganza.
  • A battle at Similoan, Philippines involved 90 American troops confronting 1,000 Filipinos. Resulting casualties included 24 Americans killed, 5 missing, 9 wounded.[30]

September 17, 1900 (Monday)

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Queen Victoria

September 18, 1900 (Tuesday)

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September 19, 1900 (Wednesday)

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September 20, 1900 (Thursday)

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September 21, 1900 (Friday)

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September 22, 1900 (Saturday)

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French President Émile Loubet

September 23, 1900 (Sunday)

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  • William Marsh Rice, multimillionaire and benefactor of Rice University, was found dead at his New York City apartment.[46] Although it appeared at the time that he had died in his sleep at the age of 84, Mr. Rice's lawyer, Albert T. Patrick, tried to cash $250,000 worth of checks the next day. Eventually, it was established that Rice's valet had administered chloroform to Rice at Patrick's direction. Patrick was convicted of the murder in 1901. As he sat on death row at New York's Sing Sing prison, Patrick's sentence was commuted to life in 1906, and he was pardoned in 1912.[47]
  • One of Spain's greatest generals, Arsenio Martínez Campos, died at Zarauz, Spain. The New York Times eulogized, "Many have said that if the Spanish Government had retained Gen. Campos as Captain General of Cuba ... the Maine would not have been blown up and Spain would not stand to-day stripped of her ancient colonies."[48]

September 24, 1900 (Monday)

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  • A tornado swept through Morristown, Minnesota, dropping a barn upon Gatseke's Saloon, where 16 people had taken refuge. Eight were crushed in the collapse of the saloon, including a candidate for the state legislature.[49]
  • Born: Mecha Ortiz, Argentine film actress; in Buenos Aires (d. 1987)

September 25, 1900 (Tuesday)

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September 26, 1900 (Wednesday)

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September 27, 1900 (Thursday)

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September 28, 1900 (Friday)

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  • The United States Department of War received a cable from General Arthur MacArthur Jr. with the worst news to that time from the war in the Philippines. Fifty-one men from Company F of the 29th Volunteer Infantry, under the command of Captain Devereaux Shields, had apparently been taken prisoner by the Filipino resistance, along with the gunboat Villalobos. "There is scarcely a doubt that the entire party has been captured with many killed and wounded", MacArthur cabled, "Shields among the latter."[55] The prisoners were later released on October 15, with Captain Shields and 48 men having survived.[56]
  • Charles E. Bedell, the main steelwork engineer of the new Williamsburg Bridge in New York City, fell 85 feet (26 m) from the Brooklyn end of the bridge while trying to avoid a derrick boom that was swinging toward him. He died about an hour later at the Eastern District Hospital after an ambulance surgeon from St. Catharine's Hospital refused to transport him by ambulance without a $5 payment.[57]

September 29, 1900 (Saturday)

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September 30, 1900 (Sunday)

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References

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  1. ^ "Diary for September". The Review of Reviews: 326. October 15, 1900.
  2. ^ Huurdeman, Anton A. (2003). The Worldwide History of Telecommunications. Wiley-IEEE. pp. 308–309.
  3. ^ Irazábal, Clara (2008). Ordinary Places, Extraordinary Events: Citizenship, Democracy and Public Space in Latin America. Routledge. p. 89.
  4. ^ "Thirteen Killed in a Railroad Wreck". The New York Times. September 3, 1900. p. 1.
  5. ^ Winter, Jay (2008). Dreams of Peace and Freedom: Utopian Moments in the Twentieth Century. Yale University Press. pp. 14–15.
  6. ^ "Negro Company Disbanded". The New York Times. September 6, 1900.
  7. ^ "Police Officer John P. Looney, St. Louis Metropolitan Police Department, Missouri". The Officer Down Memorial Page, Inc. Retrieved 8 September 2021.
  8. ^ "Police Officer Nicholas F. Beckman, St. Louis Metropolitan Police Department, Missouri". The Officer Down Memorial Page, Inc. Retrieved 8 September 2021.
  9. ^ "Police Officer Michael Burke, St. Louis Metropolitan Police Department, Missouri". The Officer Down Memorial Page, Inc. Retrieved 5 April 2022.
  10. ^ "India's Great Famine", New York Times, September 5, 1900
  11. ^ B. Lanne, Histoire politique du Tchad de 1945 à 1958, (Karthala, 1998), pp. 11–12
  12. ^ Cecilio D. Duka, Struggle For Freedom: A Textbook on Philippine History (Rex Bookstore, 2008), p. 191
  13. ^ "Austria-Hungary". The International Year Book (1901). Dodd, Mead & Company. 1901. pp. 83–86.
  14. ^ a b "The Wrecking of Galveston". The New York Times. September 11, 1900. p. 1.
  15. ^ Greene, Casey Edward; Kelly, Shelly Henley (2002). Through a Night of Horrors: Voices from the 1900 Galveston Storm. Texas A&M University Press. pp. 12–13.
  16. ^ Salt Lake Tribune, September 29, 1900, p. 2
  17. ^ "50 Years Ago Galveston Suffered Hardest Blow". Galveston News. September 8, 1950. p. 5.
  18. ^ Shannon, B. Clay (2006). Still Casting Shadows: A Shared Mosaic of U.S. History. iUniverse. p. 516.
  19. ^ Papers Relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States 1910. United States Government Printing Office. 1915. pp. 786–787.
  20. ^ Samwer, Karl; et al. (1905). Nouveau recueil général de traités et autres actes relatifs aux rapports de droit international [New general collection of treaties and other acts relating to international law relations] (in French). Librarie Dieterich. pp. 641–642.
  21. ^ Baseball Digest. February 1998. p. 34. {{cite magazine}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  22. ^ Reports of the Taft Philippine Commission. United States Government Printing Office. 1901. pp. 245–246.
  23. ^ "New Swedish Premier Appointed". The New York Times. September 13, 1900. p. 14.
  24. ^ Cecilio D. Duka, Struggle For Freedom: A Textbook on Philippine History (Rex Bookstore, 2008), p. 192
  25. ^ Report of the Surgeon-General of the Army to the Secretary of War for the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 1900 (G.P.O. 1901), p. 187
  26. ^ Thomas C. Parramore, First to Fly: North Carolina and the Beginnings of Aviation (UNC Press, 2003), p. 66
  27. ^ "Diary for September", The Review of Reviews (October 15, 1900), p. 326
  28. ^ United States Naval Institute Proceedings (April 1919), p. 507
  29. ^ David S. Spencer, "Some Thoughts on the Political Development of the Japanese People", The Journal of International Relations (January 1920) p. 325
  30. ^ The Statistician and Economist (1901–1902) (L.P. McCarty, 1902), p. 380
  31. ^ William Harrison Moore, The Constitution of the Commonwealth of Australia (G. Partridge & Co., 1902), pp. 367; Ernest Scott, A Short History of Australia (Kessinger Publishing, 2004), p. 251
  32. ^ The Statistician and Economist (1901–1902) (L.P. McCarty, 1902), p. 380
  33. ^ William Thaddeus Sexton, Soldiers in the Sun: An Adventure in Imperialism (READ BOOKS, 2007), pp. 249–251
  34. ^ John B. Curtis, "Illinois", Outlook for the Blind (July 1907)
  35. ^ Floyd Conner, Baseball's Most Wanted: The Top 10 Book of the National Pastime's Outrageous Offenders, Lucky Bounces, and Other Oddities (Sterling Publishing Company, 2006), p. 336
  36. ^ Carruth, Gorton; et al., eds. (1962). The Encyclopedia of American Facts and Dates. Thomas Y. Crowell Co. p. 388.
  37. ^ "Busy Counting Votes— A Tremendous Ballot in the Minneapolis Primary Elections". Saint Paul Globe. Saint Paul, Minnesota. September 19, 1900. p. 3.
  38. ^ "The Minneapolis Primaries". Saint Paul Globe. September 20, 1900. p. 4.
  39. ^ "Ball Season Is at an End". Milwaukee Journal. September 19, 1900. p. 8.
  40. ^ Elleman, Bruce A. (2001). Modern Chinese Warfare, 1795–1989. Routledge. p. 135.
  41. ^ "Former German Gen. Wenck dead at 81". United Press International. 6 May 1982. Retrieved 8 October 2021.
  42. ^ Elizabeth Gibson, It Happened in Nevada (Globe Pequot, 2001), pp. 49–50
  43. ^ Robert Dick, Mercedes and Auto Racing in the Belle Epoque, 1895–1915 (McFarland, 2005), pp. 44–45
  44. ^ "Blood Flows in Shenandoah". Salt Lake Tribune. September 22, 1900. p. 1.
  45. ^ Stefan Gates, Gastronaut: Adventures in Food for the Romantic, the Foolhardy, and the Brave (Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2006), p. 30
  46. ^ "Murdered Man's Estate Founds Great University", The New York Times, February 25, 1912
  47. ^ Edmund Pearson, "The Firm of Patrick and Jones" pp. 146–185, in The Mammoth Book of Murder and Science (Carroll & Graf Publishers, 2000); Martin Friedland, The Death of Old Man Rice: A True Story of Criminal Justice in America (NYU Press, 1996)
  48. ^ "Marshal Campos Dead", New York Times, September 24, 1900, p. 1
  49. ^ "Killed in a Tornado", Salt Lake Tribune, September 25, 1900, p. 1
  50. ^ Neal Bascomb, Red Mutiny: Eleven Fateful Days on the Battleship Potemkin (Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2007), p40
  51. ^ George Etsujiro Uyehara, The Political Development of Japan 1867–1909 (READ BOOKS, 2006), p. 244
  52. ^ Joscelyn Godwin, "The Creation of a Universal System", in Alexandria I: The Journal of Western Cosmological Traditions (Red Wheel/Weiser, 1991), p. 247
  53. ^ The Statistician and Economist (1901–1902) (L.P. McCarty, 1902), p. 380
  54. ^ "Sag Harbor". The Cambridge Guide to American Theatre. Cambridge University Press. 2007. p. 570.
  55. ^ "Filipinos Capture American Troops". The New York Times. September 29, 1900. p. 10.
  56. ^ Annual Reports of the Secretary of War 1900. p. 23.
  57. ^ "FELL 85 FEET TO DEATH Chief Engineer C. E. Bedell Slips Off New Bridge Span. Ambulance Surgeon Refused to Take the Dying Man to Hospital Unless Paid $5" (PDF). The New York Times. 29 September 1900. Retrieved 13 December 2021.
  58. ^ The International Year Book: A Compendium of the World's Progress During the Year 1900. Dodd, Mead & Company. pp. 660–661.
  59. ^ Buffington, Robert (2000). Criminal and Citizen in Modern Mexico. University of Nebraska Press. pp. 96–97.
  60. ^ Raugh, Harold E. (2004). The Victorians at War, 1815–1914: An Encyclopedia of British Military History. ABC-CLIO. p. 33.
  61. ^ Mason, Gregory (May 30, 1914). "The Associated Press". The Outlook. p. 239.
  62. ^ Lee, Alfred McClung (2002). The Daily Newspaper in America. Routledge. p. 523.