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Solar eclipse of January 25, 1963

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Solar eclipse of January 25, 1963
Map
Type of eclipse
NatureAnnular
Gamma−0.4898
Magnitude0.9951
Maximum eclipse
Duration25 s (0 min 25 s)
Coordinates48°12′S 15°00′W / 48.2°S 15°W / -48.2; -15
Max. width of band20 km (12 mi)
Times (UTC)
Greatest eclipse13:37:12
References
Saros140 (26 of 71)
Catalog # (SE5000)9426

An annular solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's descending node of orbit on Friday, January 25, 1963,[1] with a magnitude of 0.9951. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. An annular solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is smaller than the Sun's, blocking most of the Sun's light and causing the Sun to look like an annulus (ring). An annular eclipse appears as a partial eclipse over a region of the Earth thousands of kilometres wide. The Moon's apparent diameter was near the average diameter because it occurred 8.2 days after apogee (on January 17, 1963, at 8:00 UTC) and 3.7 days before perigee (on January 29, 1963, at 7:20 UTC).[2]

The moon's apparent diameter was 4.8 arcseconds larger than the July 20, 1963 total solar eclipse. This was an annular solar eclipse because it occurred in January and the earth is near its perihelion (closest approach to the Sun) in January.

The path of annularity crossed Chile, Argentina, South Africa, southern Basutoland (today's Lesotho) and Malagasy Republic (today's Madagascar). A partial eclipse was visible for parts of southern and central South America, Antarctica, Southern Africa, and Eastern Africa.

Eclipse details

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Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[3]

January 25, 1963 Solar Eclipse Times
Event Time (UTC)
First Penumbral External Contact 1963 January 25 at 10:57:14.2 UTC
First Umbral External Contact 1963 January 25 at 12:01:54.0 UTC
First Central Line 1963 January 25 at 12:02:36.0 UTC
Greatest Duration 1963 January 25 at 12:02:36.0 UTC
First Umbral Internal Contact 1963 January 25 at 12:03:18.1 UTC
Equatorial Conjunction 1963 January 25 at 13:29:27.8 UTC
Greatest Eclipse 1963 January 25 at 13:37:11.7 UTC
Ecliptic Conjunction 1963 January 25 at 13:42:27.8 UTC
Last Umbral Internal Contact 1963 January 25 at 15:11:13.0 UTC
Last Central Line 1963 January 25 at 15:11:52.2 UTC
Last Umbral External Contact 1963 January 25 at 15:12:31.4 UTC
Last Penumbral External Contact 1963 January 25 at 16:17:06.6 UTC
January 25, 1963 Solar Eclipse Parameters
Parameter Value
Eclipse Magnitude 0.99511
Eclipse Obscuration 0.99025
Gamma −0.48984
Sun Right Ascension 20h28m50.7s
Sun Declination -19°03'07.2"
Sun Semi-Diameter 16'14.7"
Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 08.9"
Moon Right Ascension 20h29m08.2s
Moon Declination -19°31'24.1"
Moon Semi-Diameter 15'56.3"
Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 0°58'29.7"
ΔT 34.5 s

Eclipse season

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This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.

Eclipse season of January 1963
January 9
Ascending node (full moon)
January 25
Descending node (new moon)
Penumbral lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 114
Annular solar eclipse
Solar Saros 140
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Eclipses in 1963

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Metonic

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Tzolkinex

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Half-Saros

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Tritos

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Solar Saros 140

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Inex

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Triad

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Solar eclipses of 1961–1964

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This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.[4]

The partial solar eclipses on June 10, 1964 and December 4, 1964 occur in the next lunar year eclipse set.

Solar eclipse series sets from 1961 to 1964
Descending node   Ascending node
Saros Map Gamma Saros Map Gamma
120
February 15, 1961

Total
0.883 125 August 11, 1961

Annular
−0.8859
130 February 5, 1962

Total
0.2107 135 July 31, 1962

Annular
−0.113
140 January 25, 1963

Annular
−0.4898 145 July 20, 1963

Total
0.6571
150 January 14, 1964

Partial
−1.2354 155 July 9, 1964

Partial
1.3623

Saros 140

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This eclipse is a part of Saros series 140, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 71 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on April 16, 1512. It contains total eclipses from July 21, 1656 through November 9, 1836; hybrid eclipses from November 20, 1854 through December 23, 1908; and annular eclipses from January 3, 1927 through December 7, 2485. The series ends at member 71 as a partial eclipse on June 1, 2774. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.

The longest duration of totality was produced by member 11 at 4 minutes, 10 seconds on August 12, 1692, and the longest duration of annularity will be produced by member 53 at 7 minutes, 35 seconds on November 15, 2449. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s descending node of orbit.[5]

Series members 18–39 occur between 1801 and 2200:
18 19 20

October 29, 1818

November 9, 1836

November 20, 1854
21 22 23

November 30, 1872

December 12, 1890

December 23, 1908
24 25 26

January 3, 1927

January 14, 1945

January 25, 1963
27 28 29

February 4, 1981

February 16, 1999

February 26, 2017
30 31 32

March 9, 2035

March 20, 2053

March 31, 2071
33 34 35

April 10, 2089

April 23, 2107

May 3, 2125
36 37 38

May 14, 2143

May 25, 2161

June 5, 2179
39

June 15, 2197

Metonic series

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The metonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's descending node.

22 eclipse events between April 8, 1902 and August 31, 1989
April 7–8 January 24–25 November 12 August 31–September 1 June 19–20
108 110 112 114 116

April 8, 1902

August 31, 1913

June 19, 1917
118 120 122 124 126

April 8, 1921

January 24, 1925

November 12, 1928

August 31, 1932

June 19, 1936
128 130 132 134 136

April 7, 1940

January 25, 1944

November 12, 1947

September 1, 1951

June 20, 1955
138 140 142 144 146

April 8, 1959

January 25, 1963

November 12, 1966

August 31, 1970

June 20, 1974
148 150 152 154

April 7, 1978

January 25, 1982

November 12, 1985

August 31, 1989

Tritos series

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This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200

April 4, 1810
(Saros 126)

March 4, 1821
(Saros 127)

February 1, 1832
(Saros 128)

December 31, 1842
(Saros 129)

November 30, 1853
(Saros 130)

October 30, 1864
(Saros 131)

September 29, 1875
(Saros 132)

August 29, 1886
(Saros 133)

July 29, 1897
(Saros 134)

June 28, 1908
(Saros 135)

May 29, 1919
(Saros 136)

April 28, 1930
(Saros 137)

March 27, 1941
(Saros 138)

February 25, 1952
(Saros 139)

January 25, 1963
(Saros 140)

December 24, 1973
(Saros 141)

November 22, 1984
(Saros 142)

October 24, 1995
(Saros 143)

September 22, 2006
(Saros 144)

August 21, 2017
(Saros 145)

July 22, 2028
(Saros 146)

June 21, 2039
(Saros 147)

May 20, 2050
(Saros 148)

April 20, 2061
(Saros 149)

March 19, 2072
(Saros 150)

February 16, 2083
(Saros 151)

January 16, 2094
(Saros 152)

December 17, 2104
(Saros 153)

November 16, 2115
(Saros 154)

October 16, 2126
(Saros 155)

September 15, 2137
(Saros 156)

August 14, 2148
(Saros 157)

July 15, 2159
(Saros 158)

June 14, 2170
(Saros 159)

May 13, 2181
(Saros 160)

April 12, 2192
(Saros 161)

Inex series

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This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200

May 5, 1818
(Saros 135)

April 15, 1847
(Saros 136)

March 25, 1876
(Saros 137)

March 6, 1905
(Saros 138)

February 14, 1934
(Saros 139)

January 25, 1963
(Saros 140)

January 4, 1992
(Saros 141)

December 14, 2020
(Saros 142)

November 25, 2049
(Saros 143)

November 4, 2078
(Saros 144)

October 16, 2107
(Saros 145)

September 26, 2136
(Saros 146)

September 5, 2165
(Saros 147)

August 16, 2194
(Saros 148)

Notes

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  1. ^ "January 25, 1963 Annular Solar Eclipse". timeanddate. Retrieved 7 August 2024.
  2. ^ "Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England". timeanddate. Retrieved 7 August 2024.
  3. ^ "Annular Solar Eclipse of 1963 Jan 25". EclipseWise.com. Retrieved 7 August 2024.
  4. ^ van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  5. ^ "NASA - Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 140". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.

References

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