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Struve function

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In mathematics, the Struve functions Hα(x), are solutions y(x) of the non-homogeneous Bessel's differential equation:

introduced by Hermann Struve (1882). The complex number α is the order of the Struve function, and is often an integer.

And further defined its second-kind version as .

The modified Struve functions Lα(x) are equal to ieiαπ / 2Hα(ix), are solutions y(x) of the non-homogeneous Bessel's differential equation:

Plot of the Struve function H n(z) with n=2 in the complex plane from -2-2i to 2+2i with colors created with Mathematica 13.1 function ComplexPlot3D
Plot of the Struve function H n(z) with n=2 in the complex plane from -2-2i to 2+2i with colors created with Mathematica 13.1 function ComplexPlot3D

And further defined its second-kind version as .

Definitions

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Since this is a non-homogeneous equation, solutions can be constructed from a single particular solution by adding the solutions of the homogeneous problem. In this case, the homogeneous solutions are the Bessel functions, and the particular solution may be chosen as the corresponding Struve function.

Power series expansion

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Struve functions, denoted as Hα(z) have the power series form

where Γ(z) is the gamma function.

The modified Struve functions, denoted Lα(z), have the following power series form

Plot of the modified Struve function L n(z) with n=2 in the complex plane from -2-2i to 2+2i with colors created with Mathematica 13.1 function ComplexPlot3D
Plot of the modified Struve function L n(z) with n=2 in the complex plane from -2-2i to 2+2i with colors created with Mathematica 13.1 function ComplexPlot3D

Integral form

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Another definition of the Struve function, for values of α satisfying Re(α) > − 1/2, is possible expressing in term of the Poisson's integral representation:

Asymptotic forms

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For small x, the power series expansion is given above.

For large x, one obtains:

where Yα(x) is the Neumann function.

Properties

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The Struve functions satisfy the following recurrence relations:

Relation to other functions

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Struve functions of integer order can be expressed in terms of Weber functions En and vice versa: if n is a non-negative integer then

Struve functions of order n + 1/2 where n is an integer can be expressed in terms of elementary functions. In particular if n is a non-negative integer then

where the right hand side is a spherical Bessel function.

Struve functions (of any order) can be expressed in terms of the generalized hypergeometric function 1F2:

Applications

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The Struve and Weber functions were shown to have an application to beamforming in.[1], and in describing the effect of confining interface on Brownian motion of colloidal particles at low Reynolds numbers.[2]

References

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  1. ^ K. Buchanan, C. Flores, S. Wheeland, J. Jensen, D. Grayson and G. Huff, "Transmit beamforming for radar applications using circularly tapered random arrays," 2017 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf), 2017, pp. 0112-0117, doi: 10.1109/RADAR.2017.7944181
  2. ^ B. U. Felderhof, "Effect of the wall on the velocity autocorrelation function and long-time tail of Brownian motion." The Journal of Physical Chemistry B 109.45, 2005, pp. 21406-21412
  • R. M. Aarts and Augustus J. E. M. Janssen (2003). "Approximation of the Struve function H1 occurring in impedance calculations". J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 113 (5): 2635–2637. Bibcode:2003ASAJ..113.2635A. doi:10.1121/1.1564019. PMID 12765381.
  • R. M. Aarts and Augustus J. E. M. Janssen (2016). "Efficient approximation of the Struve functions Hn occurring in the calculation of sound radiation quantities". J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 140 (6): 4154–4160. Bibcode:2016ASAJ..140.4154A. doi:10.1121/1.4968792. PMID 28040027.
  • Abramowitz, Milton; Stegun, Irene Ann, eds. (1983) [June 1964]. "Chapter 12". Handbook of Mathematical Functions with Formulas, Graphs, and Mathematical Tables. Applied Mathematics Series. Vol. 55 (Ninth reprint with additional corrections of tenth original printing with corrections (December 1972); first ed.). Washington D.C.; New York: United States Department of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards; Dover Publications. p. 496. ISBN 978-0-486-61272-0. LCCN 64-60036. MR 0167642. LCCN 65-12253.
  • Ivanov, A. B. (2001) [1994], "Struve function", Encyclopedia of Mathematics, EMS Press
  • Paris, R. B. (2010), "Struve function", in Olver, Frank W. J.; Lozier, Daniel M.; Boisvert, Ronald F.; Clark, Charles W. (eds.), NIST Handbook of Mathematical Functions, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-19225-5, MR 2723248.
  • Struve, H. (1882). "Beitrag zur Theorie der Diffraction an Fernröhren". Annalen der Physik und Chemie. 17 (13): 1008–1016. Bibcode:1882AnP...253.1008S. doi:10.1002/andp.18822531319.
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