自転車
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Japanese
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Kanji in this term | ||
---|---|---|
自 | 転 | 車 |
じ Grade: 2 |
てん Grade: 3 |
しゃ Grade: 1 |
on'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
自轉車 (kyūjitai) |
Coined in Japan in 1870 in the Meiji period in reference to a patented tricycle design.[1] Later used to refer to bicycles.
Compound of Sinitic-derived elements 自 (ji, “self”) + 転 (ten, “rolling”, simplified modern form of 轉) + 車 (sha, “vehicle”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Tokyo) じてんしゃ [jìtéꜜǹshà] (Nakadaka – [2])[2][3]
- (Tokyo) じてんしゃ [jìtéńshá] (Heiban – [0])[2][3]
- IPA(key): [d͡ʑitẽ̞ɰ̃ɕa̠]
Noun
[edit]自転車 • (jitensha) ←じてんしや (zitensya)? (counter 台)
- a bicycle
Synonyms
[edit]- (slang) チャリンコ (charinko)
- (slang) チャリ (chari)
- (slang) ママチャリ (mamachari): a bicycle with extra baskets for groceries and children, generally ridden by young mothers
- (slang) ケッタ (ketta)
Derived terms
[edit]Derived terms
- 自転車横断帯 (じてんしゃおうだんたい, jitensha ōdantai) (road sign) bicycle crossing
- 自転車競技 (じてんしゃきょうぎ, jitensha kyōgi): a bicycle competition (race)
- 自転車競走 (じてんしゃきょうそう, jitensha kyōsō): a bicycle race
- 自転車操業 (じてんしゃそうぎょう, jitensha sōgyō): “bicycle operations” → a business model that requires regular infusions of external capital to remain viable (similar to riding a bicycle, as halting operations means immediate bankruptcy, much as stopping pedaling causes a bicycle rider to fall over)
- 自転車屋 (じてんしゃや, jitensha-ya): a bike shop, a bicycle store
- 自転車旅行 (じてんしゃりょこう, jitensha ryokō): a bicycle trip, bike touring
Descendants
[edit]See also
[edit]- 自動車 (jidōsha, “automobile”)
Etymology 2
[edit]Kanji in this term | ||
---|---|---|
自 | 転 | 車 |
じ Grade: 2 |
てん > でん Grade: 3 |
しゃ Grade: 1 |
on'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
自轉車 (kyūjitai) |
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Tokyo) じでんしゃ [jìdéꜜǹshà] (Nakadaka – [2])
- (Tokyo) じでんしゃ [jìdéńshá] (Heiban – [0])
- IPA(key): [d͡ʑidẽ̞ɰ̃ɕa̠]
Noun
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ 1997, Toshihiko Saitō, くるまたちの社会史: 人力車から自動車まで (Kuruma-tachi no Shakai-shi: Jinrikisha Kara Jidōsha Made, “A Social History of Cars: From Rickshaws to Automobiles”) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Chūōkōron-sha, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Categories:
- Japanese terms spelled with 自 read as じ
- Japanese terms spelled with 転 read as てん
- Japanese terms spelled with 車 read as しゃ
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese compound terms
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 3 kanji
- Japanese dialectal terms
- Kantō Japanese
- Hakata Japanese
- ja:Vehicles
- ja:Cycling