軟
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]軟 (Kangxi radical 159, 車+4, 11 strokes, cangjie input 十十弓人 (JJNO), four-corner 57082, composition ⿰車欠)
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1240, character 26
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38213
- Dae Jaweon: page 1716, character 21
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3518, character 15
- Unihan data for U+8EDF
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 軟 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 软 | |
alternative forms | 輭/软 耎 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *njonʔ) : semantic 車 + phonetic 耎 (OC *njonʔ). 耎 turned into 欠 over time.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka
- Northern Min (KCR): nṳ̌ing
- Eastern Min (BUC): niōng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6gnioe
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄖㄨㄢˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ruǎn
- Wade–Giles: juan3
- Yale: rwǎn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: roan
- Palladius: жуань (žuanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʐu̯än²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jyun5
- Yale: yúhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: jyn5
- Guangdong Romanization: yun5
- Sinological IPA (key): /jyːn¹³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: ngun1
- Sinological IPA (key): /ᵑɡun³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngiôn
- Hakka Romanization System: ngionˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: ngion1
- Sinological IPA: /ŋi̯on²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: nṳ̌ing
- Sinological IPA (key): /nyiŋ²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: niōng
- Sinological IPA (key): /nˡuoŋ³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Jinjiang, Philippines, Singapore)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nńg
- Tâi-lô: nńg
- Phofsit Daibuun: nngr
- IPA (Singapore): /nŋ̍⁴²/
- IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /nŋ̍⁵³/
- IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /nŋ̍⁵⁵⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /nŋ̍⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Yilan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: núi
- Tâi-lô: nuí
- Phofsit Daibuun: nuie
- IPA (Zhangzhou, Yilan): /nuĩ⁵³/
Note:
- loán - literary;
- nńg/núi - vernacular (“soft; weak; easily moved; relaxed”).
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 軟 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /ʐuan²¹⁴/ |
Harbin | /ʐuan²¹³/ | |
Tianjin | /yan¹³/ /ʐuan¹³/ | |
Jinan | /luã⁵⁵/ | |
Qingdao | /yã⁵/ | |
Zhengzhou | /ʐuan⁵³/ | |
Xi'an | /vã⁵³/ | |
Xining | /uã⁵³/ | |
Yinchuan | /ʐuan⁵³/ | |
Lanzhou | /vɛ̃n⁴⁴²/ | |
Ürümqi | /ʐuan⁵¹/ /van⁵¹/ | |
Wuhan | /yɛn⁴²/ | |
Chengdu | /zuan⁵³/ | |
Guiyang | /zuan⁴²/ | |
Kunming | /ʐuã̠⁵³/ | |
Nanjing | /ʐuaŋ²¹²/ | |
Hefei | /ʐʊ̃²⁴/ /ʐən²⁴/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /zuæ̃⁵³/ |
Pingyao | /nzuɑŋ⁵³/ | |
Hohhot | /ʐuæ̃⁵³/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /ȵyø²³/ |
Suzhou | /ŋø³¹/ | |
Hangzhou | /nuõ⁵³/ | |
Wenzhou | /ȵy³⁵/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /ne³⁵/ |
Tunxi | /ȵyɛ²⁴/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /yẽ⁴¹/ |
Xiangtan | /ȵyẽ⁴²/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /ȵyɵn²¹³/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /ŋion⁴⁴/ |
Taoyuan | /ŋion²⁴/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /jyn²³/ |
Nanning | /yn²⁴/ | |
Hong Kong | /jyn¹³/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /luan⁵³/ /nŋ̍⁵³/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /nuoŋ³²/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /nuiŋ²¹/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /nɯŋ⁵³/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /nui²¹³/ |
- Middle Chinese: nywenX
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*njonʔ/
Definitions
[edit]軟
- soft; flexible; pliable
- soft; gentle; mild; relaxed
- weak; feeble
- (Cantonese, Hokkien) easily moved and swayed; empathic; unable to uphold the initial opinion
Antonyms
[edit]- (antonym(s) of “soft”): 硬 (yìng)
Compounds
[edit]- 免費軟體/免费软体 (miǎnfèi ruǎntǐ)
- 兩腿發軟/两腿发软
- 公益軟體/公益软体
- 共享軟體/共享软体 (gòngxiǎng ruǎntǐ)
- 力軟筋麻/力软筋麻
- 卡片軟體/卡片软体
- 圖控軟體/图控软体
- 套裝軟體/套装软体 (tàozhuāng ruǎntǐ)
- 小軟兒/小软儿
- 心慈面軟/心慈面软
- 心活面軟/心活面软
- 心軟/心软 (xīnruǎn)
- 怕硬欺軟/怕硬欺软
- 應用軟體/应用软体
- 手軟/手软 (shǒuruǎn)
- 手麻腳軟/手麻脚软
- 打軟腿兒/打软腿儿
- 會厭軟骨/会厌软骨
- 會咽軟骨/会咽软骨
- 服軟/服软 (fúruǎn)
- 柔軟/柔软 (róuruǎn)
- 柔軟體操/柔软体操
- 欺軟怕硬/欺软怕硬 (qīruǎnpàyìng)
- 渾身發軟/浑身发软
- 溫香軟玉/温香软玉
- 玉軟花柔/玉软花柔
- 玉軟香溫/玉软香温
- 環狀軟骨/环状软骨 (huánzhuàng ruǎngǔ)
- 甜言軟語/甜言软语
- 甲狀軟骨/甲状软骨 (jiǎzhuàng ruǎngǔ)
- 疲軟/疲软 (píruǎn)
- 痠軟/痠软 (suānruǎn)
- 癱軟/瘫软 (tānruǎn)
- 發軟/发软
- 筋疲力軟/筋疲力软
- 系統軟體/系统软体
- 細軟/细软 (xìruǎn)
- 綿軟/绵软 (miánruǎn)
- 罷軟/罢软
- 耳朵軟/耳朵软 (ěrduoruǎn)
- 耳根軟/耳根软 (ěrgēnruǎn)
- 耳軟/耳软
- 耳軟心活/耳软心活
- 臉軟/脸软
- 臉軟心慈/脸软心慈
- 踩軟索/踩软索
- 軟不叮噹/软不叮当
- 軟人才/软人才
- 軟件/软件 (ruǎnjiàn)
- 軟兀剌/软兀剌
- 軟刀子/软刀子
- 軟包裝/软包装
- 軟化/软化 (ruǎnhuà)
- 軟半/软半
- 軟協/软协
- 軟口湯/软口汤
- 軟和/软和 (ruǎnhuo)
- 軟善/软善
- 軟嘴塌舌/软嘴塌舌
- 軟困/软困
- 軟土深掘/软土深掘
- 軟壁/软壁
- 軟專家/软专家
- 軟席/软席 (ruǎnxí)
- 軟床/软床
- 軟底子/软底子
- 軟式/软式 (ruǎnshì)
- 軟式棒球/软式棒球
- 軟弱/软弱 (ruǎnruò)
- 軟弱無力/软弱无力
- 軟心腸/软心肠
- 軟性/软性 (ruǎnxìng)
- 軟怯怯/软怯怯
- 軟性新聞/软性新闻
- 軟戰/软战
- 軟技術/软技术
- 軟文學/软文学
- 軟木/软木 (ruǎnmù)
- 軟木塞/软木塞 (ruǎnmùsāi)
- 軟木畫/软木画
- 軟材/软材
- 軟枝黃蟬/软枝黄蝉
- 軟柔柔/软柔柔
- 軟梯/软梯
- 軟款/软款
- 軟殼雞蛋/软壳鸡蛋
- 軟毫/软毫
- 軟水/软水 (ruǎnshuǐ)
- 軟求/软求
- 軟活/软活
- 軟流圈/软流圈
- 軟熟/软熟 (ruǎnshú)
- 軟片/软片 (ruǎnpiàn)
- 軟玉/软玉 (ruǎnyù)
- 軟玉嬌香/软玉娇香
- 軟玉溫香/软玉温香
- 軟硬不吃/软硬不吃
- 軟硬兼施/软硬兼施 (ruǎn-yìng jiānshī)
- 軟碟/软碟 (ruǎndié)
- 軟磨兒/软磨儿
- 軟禁/软禁 (ruǎnjìn)
- 軟科學/软科学 (ruǎnkēxué)
- 軟糖/软糖 (ruǎntáng)
- 軟紅/软红
- 軟綿綿/软绵绵 (ruǎnmiánmián)
- 軟繩/软绳
- 軟罐頭/软罐头
- 軟耳朵/软耳朵
- 軟肥皂/软肥皂 (ruǎnféizào)
- 軟脂酸/软脂酸 (ruǎnzhīsuān)
- 軟腳/软脚
- 軟腳病/软脚病
- 軟腳蝦/软脚虾
- 軟腳蟹/软脚蟹 (ruǎnjiǎoxiè)
- 軟膏/软膏 (ruǎngāo)
- 軟膿包/软脓包
- 軟語/软语
- 軟語溫存/软语温存
- 軟調脾/软调脾
- 軟轎/软轿
- 軟釘子/软钉子
- 軟鋼/软钢 (ruǎngāng)
- 軟錳礦/软锰矿
- 軟雞蛋/软鸡蛋
- 軟青皮/软青皮
- 軟面筋/软面筋
- 軟顎/软颚 (ruǎn'è)
- 軟風/软风
- 軟飲料/软饮料 (ruǎnyǐnliào)
- 軟飽/软饱
- 軟香溫玉/软香温玉
- 軟骨/软骨 (ruǎngǔ)
- 軟骨病/软骨病
- 軟骨頭/软骨头
- 軟骨魚綱/软骨鱼纲 (ruǎngǔyúgāng)
- 軟體/软体 (ruǎntǐ)
- 軟體動物/软体动物 (ruǎntǐ dòngwù)
- 軟體銀行/软体银行
- 酥軟/酥软 (sūruǎn)
- 酸軟/酸软 (suānruǎn)
- 開低走軟/开低走软
- 電玩軟體/电玩软体
- 電腦軟體/电脑软体
- 頂門腰軟/顶门腰软
- 香溫玉軟/香温玉软
- 骨軟筋酥/骨软筋酥
- 骨軟筋麻/骨软筋麻
- 鬆軟/松软 (sōngruǎn)
References
[edit]- “Entry #7918”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]軟
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: ねん (nen)
- Kan-on: ぜん (zen)
- Kan’yō-on: なん (nan, Jōyō)
- Kun: やわらか (yawaraka, 軟らか, Jōyō); やわらかい (yawarakai, 軟らかい, Jōyō)
Compounds
[edit]Compounds
- 軟禁 (nankin): house arrest
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]軟 • (yeon) (hangeul 연, revised yeon, McCune–Reischauer yŏn, Yale yen)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]軟: Hán Nôm readings: nhuyễn, nhiễn, nhũn, nhung
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
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