muller
English
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From mull (“to heat and spice, etc.”, verb) + -er (suffix forming agent nouns).[1][2]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈmʌlə/
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈmʌləɹ/
- Rhymes: -ʌlə(ɹ)
- Hyphenation: mull‧er
Noun
[edit]muller (plural mullers)
- One who, or that which, mulls.
Translations
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]From mull (“to mix (clay and sand) under a roller to prepare a mould”) + -er (suffix forming agent nouns).[3] Mull is possibly derived from mull (“(chiefly Northern England) to grind to powder, crumble, powder, pulverize”), from Middle English mollen, mullen (“to moisten (something); to soften (something) by making wet; to become liquid; to drizzle; to crumble or soften (something) by grinding; to fondle or pet (something)”),[4] from Old French moillier, muillier (“to make wet”) (modern French mouiller), and from its etymon Vulgar Latin *molliāre, *mulliāre (“to make wet”), from Latin molliāre, the present active infinitive of molliō (“to soften”), from Latin mollis (“soft”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)meld- (“to melt; to soften”) or *melh₂- (“to crush, grind”)) + -iō (suffix forming factitive verbs from adjectives).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈmʌlə/
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈmʌləɹ/
- Rhymes: -ʌlə(ɹ)
- Hyphenation: mull‧er
Noun
[edit]muller (plural mullers)
- (metallurgy) A machine that mixes clay and sand under a roller for use in preparing a mould for metal casting.
- Synonym: sand muller
Translations
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]The noun is derived from Late Middle English molour, moler;[5] further origin uncertain, possibly:[6]
- from mull (“(Northern England) something reduced to fine particles”, noun)[7] or mull (“(chiefly Northern England) to grind to powder, crumble, powder, pulverize”, verb) + -er (suffix forming agent nouns) (see etymology 2); or
- from an unattested Anglo-Norman or Middle French noun, from Old French moldre, moudre (“to grind”) (modern French moudre), from Latin molere, the present active infinitive of molō (“to grind, to mill”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- (“to crush, grind”); or
- a variant of mullet (“(obsolete) stone for grinding”) + -er; mullet is derived from French molette (“pestle”).[8]
The verb is derived from the noun.[9]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈmʌlə/
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈmʌləɹ/
- Rhymes: -ʌlə(ɹ)
- Hyphenation: mull‧er
Noun
[edit]muller (plural mullers)
- (chiefly art, pharmacy) A stone with a flat grinding surface, which is held in the hand and rubbed on a slab to grind paint pigments, medicinal powders, etc.
- (by extension) A device used for crushing or grinding.
Translations
[edit]Verb
[edit]muller (third-person singular simple present mullers, present participle mullering, simple past and past participle mullered)
- (transitive, obsolete, rare) To grind up (something) into, or as if into, powder.
- 1848, On Lucifer Matches, in the Pharmaceutical Journal, volume 7 (1847-8), page 523:
- The mixing is conducted in a water-bath, and during this process, and as long as the phosphorus is being ground or ‘mullered,’ copious fumes are evolved.
- 1848, On Lucifer Matches, in the Pharmaceutical Journal, volume 7 (1847-8), page 523:
Etymology 4
[edit]Probably from Angloromani mul-, the preterite stem of mer- (“to die”) (compare mullered, mullo (“dead”, adjective);[10] ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *mer- (“to die; to disappear”)) + English -er (suffix forming frequentative verbs).[11]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈmʊlə/, /ˈmʌl-/
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈmʊləɹ/, /ˈmʌl-/
- Rhymes: -ʊlə(ɹ), -ʌlə(ɹ)
- Hyphenation: mull‧er
Verb
[edit]muller (third-person singular simple present mullers, present participle mullering, simple past and past participle mullered) (transitive, UK, slang)
- To destroy (something); to ruin, to wreck.
- To beat or thrash (someone).
- 1990, Pete Davies, “All Played Out: England–Ireland”, in All Played Out: The Full Story of Italia ’90, London: Mandarin Paperbacks, published 1991, →ISBN, page 235:
- We walked down to the golf club to get a beer; they readily agreed as we went, it had been a dreadful game. Macca [Steve McMahon] asked Gazza [Paul Gascoigne], had he heard? – they were getting ‘mullered’ back home. […] Gazza said he wasn’t surprised, it was fair enough – and Macca said the same. He said he didn’t mind getting trashed, when they’d played a lousy game – what he hated was getting trashed for two weeks solid beforehand, when the Cup hadn’t even started.
- 2001 June, Rebecca Tope, chapter 4, in Dark Undertakings, 1st St. Martin’s Minotaur (American) edition, New York, N.Y.: Thomas Dunne Books, →ISBN, section VIII, page 137:
- You needn't make so much fuss. Nobody's going to bother about you. It's me that's going to get mullered.
- 2007, Stephen Cole, Thieves Like Us, page 220:
- Then there were these zombie cult people in the beds, wires and stuff shoved into them, and then Yianna had these two minders and they were the ones who mullered us in Cairo, I swear, and one of them grabbed Con […]
- 2009, Martina Cole, Close, →ISBN, page 286:
- "They mullered him, Jimmy." Spider shook his head. "He was completely destroyed."
- 2012, Anthony Cronshaw, Wednesday Rucks and Rock 'n' Roll: Tales from the East Bank:
- The boys couldn't stand idly by while three Wednesdayites got mullered; it was not the done thing.
- (often sports) To utterly defeat or outplay (a sportsperson, a team, etc.); to destroy, to thrash, to trounce.
- Synonym: outclass
Derived terms
[edit]- mullered (adjective) (probably)
Translations
[edit]Etymology 5
[edit]Borrowed from German Müller, the surname of Franz Müller (1840–1864), a German tailor who was convicted and hanged for the robbery and murder of Thomas Briggs, a British banker, on a train. Müller was found in possession of, among other things, Briggs’ top hat, which he had altered by reducing the height of the crown by half and resewing it to the brim.[12][13]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈmʌlə/, /ˈmʊ-/
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈmʌləɹ/, /ˈm(j)ʊ-/
- Rhymes: -ʌlə(ɹ), -ʊlə(ɹ)
- Hyphenation: mull‧er
Verb
[edit]muller (third-person singular simple present mullers, present participle mullering, simple past and past participle mullered)
Related terms
[edit]- Müller (“top hat with a low or cut-down crown”) (historical)
References
[edit]- ^ Compare “muller, n.4”, in OED Online
, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, July 2023.
- ^ “muller2, n.”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
- ^ Compare “mull, v.”, in Collins English Dictionary.
- ^ “mollen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
- ^ “molǒur, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
- ^ “muller, n.1”, in OED Online
, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, March 2024; “muller1, n.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- ^ “mull, n.1”, in OED Online
, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, July 2023.
- ^ “† mullet, n.2”, in OED Online
, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, July 2023.
- ^ “muller, v.2”, in OED Online
, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, July 2023.
- ^ Yaron Matras (2010) “Appendix I: Lexicon of Angloromani”, in Romani in Britain: The Afterlife of a Language, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, →ISBN, page 185; see also Charles G[odfrey] Leland (1873) “Gipsy Words which have Passed into English Slang”, in The English Gipsies and Their Language, London: Trübner & Co., […], →OCLC, page 94: “‘To make a Mull of anything,’ meaning thereby to spoil or confuse it, if it be derived, as is said, from the Gipsy, must have come from Mullo meaning dead, and the Sanskrit Mara.”
- ^ “muller, v.4”, in OED Online
, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, December 2023; “muller2, v.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- ^ “† muller, v.3”, in OED Online
, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, July 2023.
- ^ W[illia]m H. Peet (1902 October 25) “[Replies.] Fashion in Language.”, in Notes and Queries: A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, General Readers, etc., volume X (9th Series), London: John C[ollins] Francis, →OCLC, page 337, column 1:
- The term “Muller,” or “Muller-cut-down,” applied to a hat, referred to an incident connected with the murder of Mr. Briggs in a railway carriage on 9 July, 1864. The murderer was Franz Müller, and the fact that he was found with his victim’s hat was the most damning piece of evidence against him. The hat had been specially made for Mr. Briggs, but Müller had had it cut down in a way that was common in the second-hand hat trade. For some years after a low hat was spoken of as a “Muller-cut-down,” or a man was spoken of as having had his hat “mullered.”
Further reading
[edit]- Joseph Wright, editor (1903), “MULLER, sb.1; v. and sb.2”, in The English Dialect Dictionary: […], volume IV (M–Q), London: Henry Frowde, […], publisher to the English Dialect Society, […]; New York, N.Y.: G[eorge] P[almer] Putnam’s Sons, →OCLC, page 197, column 2.
Aragonese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]muller f (plural mullers)
Synonyms
[edit]- (wife): esposa
Catalan
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Latin mulierem.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]muller f (plural mullers)
Further reading
[edit]- “muller” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
- “muller”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “muller” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Galician
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Esperanza_Rodr%C3%ADguez_co_uniforme_das_Milicias_Galegas._1936.jpg/220px-Esperanza_Rodr%C3%ADguez_co_uniforme_das_Milicias_Galegas._1936.jpg)
Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese muller/moller, from Latin mulierem.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]muller f (plural mulleres)
References
[edit]- Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “muller”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “muller”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
- Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “muller”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “muller”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “muller”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
Old Galician-Portuguese
[edit]Noun
[edit]muller f
- Alternative form of moller
Swedish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Deverbal from mullra. Attested since 1730.
Noun
[edit]muller n
Declension
[edit]Declension of muller | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Uncountable | ||||
Indefinite | Definite | |||
Nominative | muller | mullret | — | — |
Genitive | mullers | mullrets | — | — |
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]- mullra (“to rumble”)
See also
[edit]- kurrande (“rumbling, growling”) (of a stomach)
References
[edit]- English terms suffixed with -er (agent noun)
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/ʌlə(ɹ)
- Rhymes:English/ʌlə(ɹ)/2 syllables
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *melh₂-
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)meld-
- English terms suffixed with -er
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms derived from Old French
- English terms derived from Vulgar Latin
- English terms derived from Latin
- en:Metallurgy
- English terms with quotations
- English terms with unknown etymologies
- English terms derived from Anglo-Norman
- English terms derived from Middle French
- English terms derived from French
- en:Art
- en:Pharmacy
- English verbs
- English transitive verbs
- English terms with obsolete senses
- English terms with rare senses
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *mer- (die)
- English terms derived from Angloromani
- Rhymes:English/ʊlə(ɹ)
- Rhymes:English/ʊlə(ɹ)/2 syllables
- British English
- English slang
- en:Sports
- English terms borrowed from German
- English terms derived from German
- English terms suffixed with -er (verbal frequentative)
- Aragonese terms inherited from Latin
- Aragonese terms derived from Latin
- Aragonese lemmas
- Aragonese nouns
- Aragonese feminine nouns
- Catalan terms inherited from Latin
- Catalan terms derived from Latin
- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Catalan terms with audio links
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan nouns
- Catalan countable nouns
- Catalan feminine nouns with no feminine ending
- Catalan feminine nouns
- ca:Law
- Catalan terms with collocations
- ca:Marriage
- Galician terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Galician terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Galician terms inherited from Latin
- Galician terms derived from Latin
- Galician terms with IPA pronunciation
- Galician terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Galician/ɛɾ
- Rhymes:Galician/ɛɾ/2 syllables
- Galician lemmas
- Galician nouns
- Galician countable nouns
- Galician feminine nouns
- gl:People
- Old Galician-Portuguese lemmas
- Old Galician-Portuguese nouns
- Old Galician-Portuguese feminine nouns
- Swedish deverbals
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish nouns
- Swedish neuter nouns