'Yancin Iyaye Mata
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Bayanai | |
Ƙaramin ɓangare na | Haƙƙoƙin Mata |
Hakkokin uwa sune wajibai na shari'a ga uwaye masu jiran gado, uwayen da suke ciki, da uwayen riko a Amurka. Abubuwan da suka shafi haƙƙin iyaye mata sun haɗa da yancin aiki, shayarwa, da haƙƙin iyali.
'Yancin aiki
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Haƙƙin naƙuda ga iyaye mata a Amurka sun ƙunshi hutun haihuwa yayin matakai daban-daban na ciki da kuma lokacin da aka haifi jariri da kuma bayan haka. Har ila yau, sun haɗa da tsarin aiki ga sababbin iyaye mata da suke komawa wurin aikinsu bayan sun haihu. Lokacin da aka ba mata damar tashi don haihuwa ana kiranta hutun haihuwa. Kowace jiha da kamfani yana da nasa dokokin game da lokacin da aka ba da izinin hutu don hutun iyali, da kuma duk wani tallafi da aka ba wa sababbin iyaye mata. Dokar Ba da Iyali da Lafiya ta 1993 (FMLA) ta tsara dokoki ga kamfanoni a duk faɗin hukumar da ke kafa mafi ƙarancin buƙatun hutun haihuwa. Dokokin da FMLA ta gindaya sun shafi uwaye, uba, da iyayen riko. Dokar tana buƙatar yawancin kamfanoni su ba da izinin har zuwa makonni 12 na hutun dangi marasa biyan kuɗi. [1]
Bugu da ƙari, Dokar Amurka ta kare ma'aikata daga cin zarafi da masu daukar ma'aikata waɗanda ke nuna wa ma'aikaci bambanci dangane da yin ciki, idan suna da juna biyu, ko kuma suna nufin yin ciki a ƙarƙashin Dokar Nuna Ciki (PDA) da Dokar Nakasa ta Amirka (ADA). Hakanan ma'aikatan masu juna biyu za su iya neman gyare-gyare a cikin kwanakin aikinsu don ɗaukar lafiyarsu kamar hutu zuwa gidan wanka. [2]
Ciyarwar nono
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ciyarwar nono ita ce samar da abinci mai gina jiki ga jariri mai nonon mutum ta hanyar nono ko kwalba. [3] Akwai takamaiman dokoki a kowace jiha game da shayarwa da kuma dokokin tarayya. Kowace jiha banda Idaho tana da dokar da ta bai wa mata damar shayar da nono a kowane wuri na jama'a ko na sirri. Duk da cewa galibin Jihohin kasar na ba da damar shayar da nono a ko’ina, Jihohi 29 ne kawai ke kebe nono daga dokokin rashin da’a na jama’a, ma’ana bayyanar tsiraici a bainar jama’a. [4] Dokokin tarayya game da iyaye mata masu shayarwa sun shafi iyaye mata masu aiki. Da zarar iyaye mata sun koma bakin aiki akwai kuma dokokin da aka kafa don masu shayarwa mata yayin da suke wurin aiki. Ana buƙatar masu ɗaukan ma'aikata su ba wa waɗannan iyaye damar hutu lokacin da suka bayyana buƙatar zubar da madarar su har zuwa shekara guda bayan sun haihu. Haka kuma ana bukace su da su samar da kebantaccen wuri da kebantacce, banda dakin wanka, domin wadannan iyaye mata su watsar da nonon su. Ana iya samun waɗannan dokokin a cikin Dokar Kariyar Marasa lafiya da Dokar Kulawa mai araha ta 2010. [5]
Hakkokin iyali ga uwaye
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Uwa suna da haƙƙoƙi da yawa waɗanda suka shafi dokar iyali ciki har da yanke shawara a madadin 'ya'yansu ciki har da shawarar likita da kuma wanda ke kusa da ɗansu. Iyaye kuma suna da haƙƙin doka su bi mahaifin ɗansu don tallafin yara.
Hakkokin iyaye
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kowace jiha tana da ƙayyadaddun dokokinta game da haƙƙin shari'a na uwa da alhakin ɗanta. Dukan ƙa’idodin doka sun bayyana cewa an ƙyale uwa ko iyaye su tsai da shawarwari game da ilimin yaro, addini, kula da lafiya, da kuma yanke shawarar inda yaron zai zauna. Mahaifiyar haihuwa, ubanni sun auri uwa kafin ko bayan haihuwar yaron, kuma As of 2003[update] , Ubannin da ke cikin takardar shaidar haihuwar ɗansu ana ba su wannan haƙƙin na doka ta atomatik ga ɗansu. [6]
Kula da Yara da Tallafawa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ko da yake uwa tana da wasu haƙƙoƙin reno a lokacin da ake yaƙin tsarewa amma har yanzu alhakin kotu ne ta zaɓi mafi kyawun yanayi ga yaron.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "Maternity Leave". American Pregnancy Association Promoting Pregnancy Wellness. American Pregnancy Association. 2012-04-26.
- ↑ "Legal Rights of Pregnant Workers under Federal Law". US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.
- ↑ "Breastfeeding and Breast Milk: Condition Information". www.nichd.nih.gov.
- ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures. "BREASTFEEDING STATE LAWS". NCSL.
- ↑ US Department of Labor. "Break Time for Nursing Mothers". Wage and Hour Division.
- ↑ "Parental Responsibility". Rights of Women Helping Women Through the Law.