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restore

(v.)

约于1300年,“ restoren ”,“重建,修复; 更新,恢复; 使免受罪恶影响; 使恢复到以往的更好状态”,源自古法语“ restorer ”,源自拉丁语“ restaurare ”“修理,重建,更新”。该词来自于“ re- ”(见 re- ),加上没有单独记载但也出现在“ instaurare ”等词语中的“ -staurare, ”,源于 PIE 词根“ *sta- ”“站立,使或保持坚定”。

从14世纪末开始,“ Restored ”表示“治疗,治愈,使恢复元气; 针对事物、信仰等,“使恢复原始状态或状况”则于1670年代开始使用。相关词汇: restoring

同样来自于:c. 1300

相关词汇 restore

restaurant
(n.)

"餐馆,可以购买和进食饭菜的场所",1821年,源自法语 restaurant "一家餐馆",最初意为"恢复体力的食物",是 restaurer "恢复或提神"的现在分词名词用法,源自古法语 restorer(参见 restore)。

In 1765 a man by the name of Boulanger, also known as "Champ d'Oiseaux" or "Chantoiseau," opened a shop near the Louvre (on either the rue des Poulies or the rue Bailleul, depending on which authority one chooses to believe). There he sold what he called restaurants or bouillons restaurants—that is, meat-based consommés intended to "restore" a person's strength. Ever since the Middle Ages the word restaurant had been used to describe any of a variety of rich bouillons made with chicken, beef, roots of one sort or another, onions, herbs, and, according to some recipes, spices, crystallized sugar, toasted bread, barley, butter, and even exotic ingredients such as dried rose petals, Damascus grapes, and amber. In order to entice customers into his shop, Boulanger had inscribed on his window a line from the Gospels: "Venite ad me omnes qui stomacho laboratis et ego vos restaurabo." He was not content simply to serve bouillon, however. He also served leg of lamb in white sauce, thereby infringing the monopoly of the caterers' guild. The guild filed suit, which to everyone's astonishment ended in a judgment in favor of Boulanger. [Jean-Robert Pitte, "The Rise of the Restaurant," in "Food: A Culinary History from Antiquity to the Present," English editor Albert Sonnenfeld, transl. Clarissa Botsford, 1999, Columbia University Press]
1765年,一位名叫布朗热(也被称为"鸟场"或"鸟歌")的人在卢浮宫附近开了一家商店(根据不同的权威,可能位于普利街或拜约街)。他在那里出售他所称之为 restaurantsbouillons restaurants 的肉汤,旨在"恢复"人的体力。自中世纪以来, restaurant 一词一直用来描述各种由鸡肉、牛肉、各种根茎、洋葱、草药以及根据一些食谱的说法,还有香料、结晶糖、烤面包、大麦、黄油,甚至干玫瑰花瓣、大马士革葡萄和琥珀等珍奇成分制成的浓汤。为了吸引顾客进入他的店铺,布朗热在窗户上刻了一行福音书的话: "Venite ad me omnes qui stomacho laboratis et ego vos restaurabo."。然而,他并不满足于只提供肉汤。他还供应白酱羊腿,从而侵犯了餐饮工会的垄断权。工会提起诉讼,令所有人惊讶的是,最终判决支持布朗热。[让-罗伯特·皮特(Jean-Robert Pitte),《餐馆的崛起》,收录于《食物:从古代到现代的烹饪史》,英文编辑阿尔伯特·索嫩费尔德(Albert Sonnenfeld),翻译克拉丽莎·博茨福德(Clarissa Botsford),1999年,哥伦比亚大学出版社]

意大利拼写 ristorante 于1925年在英语中得到证实。中古英语中的法律语言中也有类似的词,如 restaurance "赔偿"。铁路 restaurant car(1872年)是一种为旅客提供餐食的改进方式。 

restoration
(n.)

14世纪末, restoracioun,"一种治愈或恢复健康的方法,一种恢复失去的东西的手段",源自古法语 restoration(现代法语 restauration),直接源自晚期拉丁语 restorationem(主格 restoratio)"恢复,更新",是拉丁语 restaurare 的动名词形式(参见 restore)。

中古英语中还使用了 restorement(14世纪)和 restoring(14世纪中叶)。从15世纪中叶开始,指"修复受损或恶化的建筑物"; 从大约1500年开始,指"恢复到以前的状态"。

The Restoration(1718年)指的是1660年查理二世下的君主制的恢复(以及他的整个统治时期); 作为形容词,指的是1898年以后的英国戏剧。在法国历史中,它指的是1814年波旁王朝(短暂中断后)的恢复。

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restore 的使用趋势

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仅供参考,由机器翻译系统提供。查看原文,请访问:Etymology, origin and meaning of restore

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