The aftermath of Superstorm Sandy in Seaside Heights, New Jersey, March 2013
Lucas Jackson / Reuters

For decades, scientists have warned that climate change would unleash ferocious natural disasters unlike anything in recorded human history. They predicted that ever-increasing greenhouse gas emissions would cause global temperatures to rise, touching off a vicious cycle of longer and hotter heat waves, deeper droughts, and bigger storms. Most decision-makers, however, treated climate-fueled disasters as the stuff of a distant future. And those who actively worked to fight climate change worried primarily about mitigation—reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Adapting to climate extremes received second billing.

In 2021, however, the natural disasters long foretold by scientists arrived with a vengeance. Extreme weather

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