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薩拉斯瓦蒂河

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薩拉斯瓦蒂河梵語सरस्वती नदी羅馬化:Sárasvatī Nadī),又稱娑羅室伐底河,是出現在古代《梨俱吠陀》描述中的一條河流,位於印度西北。據近代學者考證,此河於公元前3000年-公元前2000年之間就已經完全枯竭,現今僅存遺址;可能是印度河支流。

薩拉斯瓦蒂河遺跡

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古代的薩拉斯瓦蒂河曾經流動於喜馬拉雅山脈到印度西海岸之間,寬八公里,現僅存在痕跡。

薩拉斯瓦蒂河在古印度先祖當中的地位相當重要,她被稱為河流七姐妹(都是她的支流)中最偉大者。《梨俱吠陀》裡就有三首頌歌專門獻給她(梨俱吠陀6.61,7.95和7.96)。薩拉斯瓦蒂河流域被认为是吠陀宗教的起源地,在吠陀時代極受尊敬,相當於後來恒河的地位。該河對於許多的西方學者了解上古印度人的歷史中具有重大意義。

相關條目

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參考來源

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  • Bryant, Edwin. The Quest for the Origins of Vedic Culture. Oxford University Press. 2001. ISBN 0-19-513777-9. 
  • Gupta, S.P. (ed.). 1995. The lost Saraswati and the Indus Civilization. Kusumanjali Prakashan, Jodhpur.
  • Hock, Hans (1999) Through a Glass Darkly: Modern "Racial" Interpretations vs. Textual and General Prehistoric Evidence on Arya and Dasa/Dasyu in Vedic Indo-Aryan Society." in Aryan and Non-Aryan in South Asia, ed. Bronkhorst & Deshpande, Ann Arbor.
  • Keith and Macdonell. 1912. Vedic Index of Names and Subjects.
  • Kochhar, Rajesh, 'On the identity and chronology of the Ṛgvedic river Sarasvatī' in Archaeology and Language III; Artefacts, languages and texts, Routledge (1999), ISBN 0-415-10054-2.
  • Lal, B.B. 2002. The Saraswati Flows on: the Continuity of Indian Culture. New Delhi: Aryan Books International
  • Oldham, R.D. 1893. The Sarsawati and the Lost River of the Indian Desert. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society. 1893. 49-76.
  • Puri, VKM, and Verma, BC, Glaciological and Geological Source of Vedic Sarasvati in the Himalayas, New Delhi, Itihas Darpan, Vol. IV, No.2, 1998 [1]
  • Radhakrishna, B.P. and Merh, S.S. (editors): Vedic Saraswati: Evolutionary History of a Lost River of Northwestern India (1999) Geological Society of India (Memoir 42), Bangalore. Review (on page 3)页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆Review[失效連結]
  • Shaffer, Jim G. Cultural tradition and Palaeoethnicity in South Asian Archaeology. In: Indo-Aryans of Ancient South Asia. Ed. George Erdosy. 1995. ISBN 3-11-014447-6. 
  • S. G. Talageri, The RigVeda - A Historical Analysis chapter 4页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆

外部連結

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