An energetic mostly military history of the battles in the Mediterranean between the Ottoman Empire and various combinations of Christians over the coAn energetic mostly military history of the battles in the Mediterranean between the Ottoman Empire and various combinations of Christians over the course of the sixteenth century. It provides some historical context with the successful Ottoman siege of Constantinople on one side (which Roger Crowley previously wrote about in the very good Constantinople : The Last Great Siege 1453) and the shift in the center of gravity from the Mediterranean to the North and Atlantic after the events documented in this book.
I read this book because I was interested in learning more about the Battle of Lepanto which was a naval battle off the coast of what is now Greece between the Ottomans and the "Holy League" in 1571. I had only heard about it because of my interest in Miguel Cervantes who who fought and was wounded in the battle. I don't think it has gone down in history in a huge way but according to this book more people were killed per hour in the battle than in any battle up until World War I. It was also the end of a certain style of naval battles where oared galleys ran right up next to each other and the beginning of the use of artillery. It was a huge a defeat for the Ottomans that, together with their defeat in Malta a few decades earlier (the subject of about one-third of this book), helped freeze the Mediterranean between Islamic East and Christian Northwest.
Overall this is history in the grand style, full of striking anecdotes, lots of great men leading empires or commanding battles, and the smell of gunpowder and swords strongly felt throughout. At some point some of the endless discussion of the mechanics of the Siege of Malta got a little dull and I wished for a bit more historical context. But overall a fun and interesting read--even if it did not completely convince me that any of these events were hinges of history as opposed to being part of the lengthy back-and-forth across Europe over many centuries....more
A consistently entertaining and enlightening book about "Operation Mincemeat," the British World War II deception that planted a dead body with forgedA consistently entertaining and enlightening book about "Operation Mincemeat," the British World War II deception that planted a dead body with forged papers claiming (contrary to reality) that the Anglo-US forces were going to invade Greece, not Sicily. In large part due to this deception, the Germans reinforced Greece over Sicily -- contributing to the success of the first Allied attack into Western Europe.
The book is exhaustive but not exhausting, tracing every aspect from the initial idea, the complications associated with locating a suitable body, what to put in the pockets to make it look genuine (theater tickets from what was meant to be his last night in London), how to insert it in the water (by submarine, but faking a plane accident), where to leave it (cost of Spain, so it would fall into German-sympathetic hands), how to reinforce the deception, etc. The amount of work that went into it on the British side is extraordinary, for example going through dozens of drafts of the forged letters to get them just right.
What is also extraordinary is how despite, or in some cases even because of, all this work how much of it was done carelessly and ended up succeeding through a combination of luck, German ineptitude, and possibly even fifth columnists in key positions on the German side. From the sound of it more than one hundred people were in on the deception which, from my experience, is about ninety more people than can be counted on to keep a secret. Most surprisingly, the body lay in a London morgue for two months before being delivered off the water ...more
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