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Occupational Health & Safety Engineering - Module - 1
Occupational Health & Safety Engineering - Module - 1
ENGINEERING
(OPEN ELECTIVE – 18CV653)
FACULTY INCHARGE
P GIRISH
DEPT. OF CIVIL ENGG.
DSATM
[email protected]
COURSE OUTCOMES
CO 1 – Identify health and safety hazards at work places & suggest conducive actions to mitigate
the same
CO 2 – Understand OSHA’s safety policy’s and implement in work place to reduce health hazards
CO 3 – Understand and incorporate the causes, effect and prevention of fire and electrical hazards
at workplace
CO 4 – Frame suitable safety & preventive measures for waste treatment in Plants, RMC,
Construction site.,
CO 5 – Understand workplace Ergonomics, and importance and need for hazard control in
workplace
GOOGLE CLASS ROOM & ONLINE CLASS CODES
Safety is the state of being "safe", the condition of being protected from
harm or other non-desirable outcomes. Safety can also refer to the control
of recognized hazards in order to achieve an acceptable level of risk
Some Standard Definitions as per World Health Organization
• The promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental and social well-being
of workers in all occupations
• Prevention amongst workers of departures from health caused by their working conditions, the
protection of workers in their employment from risks resulting from factors adverse to health
• The placing and maintenance of the worker in an occupational environment adapted to his
physiological and psychological capabilities,
Why Safety?
• Economic : Poor occupational safety and health performance results in cost to the
state or industry
It was estimated that around 1000 workers have died to respiratory related issues.
2. Asbestos Menace
Asbestos was once considered a “miracle” fiber, but there are biological effects of asbestos that
this widely used material. It is used in homes, schools, offices, factories, ships, and even in the
filters of cigarettes. Studies have found that asbestos-related cancer in the lungs, gastrointestinal
tract, larynx, pharynx, kidneys, pancreas, gall bladder, and bile ducts of workers.
Safety Accidents History
• As a result of Hughes' death, calls were made for improvements to the cricket helmet, and this has
resulted in new designs which have additional guards fitted to the rear of the helmet.
• More recently, if the batsmen get hit on the helmet, there is a mandatory inspection from the team
physio
• Exposure: Impact of energy released in an accident on the life and limbs of people near the
accident site
Principles of Safety
Epigram
(c)That citizens are not forced by economic necessity to enter avocations unsuited to their age or
strength;
(d)Just and humane conditions of work and maternity relief are provided; and
(e)That the government shall take steps, by suitable legislation or in any other way, to secure the
participation of employee in the management of undertakings, establishments or other
organizations engaged in any industry.
Goals of National Safety Policy
• Providing a statutory framework on occupational safety and health in respect of all sectors of industrial
activities
• Providing a system of incentives to employers and employees to achieve higher health and safety
standards
• Focusing on prevention strategies and monitoring performance through improved data collection system
on work related injuries and diseases
• Establishing and developing the research and development capability in emerging areas of risk and
providing for effective control measures.
Objectives of National Health Policy
(a) Continuous reduction in the incidence of work-related injuries, fatalities, diseases, disasters
and loss of national assets.
(b) Improved coverage of work-related injuries, fatalities and diseases and provide for a more
comprehensive data base for facilitating better performance and monitoring.
(c) Continuous enhancement of community awareness regarding safety, health and environment
at workplace related areas.
(d) Continually increasing community expectation of workplace health and safety standards.
(e) Improving safety, health and environment at workplace by creation of “green jobs”
contributing to sustainable enterprise development.
Important Laws/ Legislations in India for Safety and Health
Purpose of OSHA
Why OSHA
An average of 14,000 deaths was caused by workplace
accidents (this figure has since dropped to 4,500).
Approximately 2.5 million workers were disabled in
workplace accidents.
Approximately 300,000 new cases of occupational diseases
were reported
Mission and Purpose of OSHA
Not discriminate against employees who properly exercise their rights under the act
Meet the general duty responsibility to provide a workplace free from hazards that are causing
or are likely to cause death or serious physical harm to employees and to comply with
standards, rules, and regulations issued under the OSH Act
Seek advice and consultation as needed by contacting or visiting the nearest OSHA office
Employee Rights and Responsibilities
Complain to an employer, union, OSHA, or any other government agency about job safety and
health hazards
File safety or health grievances
Participate in a workplace safety and health committee or in union activities concerning job safety
and health Comply with all applicable OSHA standards
Follow safety and health rules and regulations prescribed by the employer and promptly use PPE
while engaged in work
Report hazardous conditions to the supervisor
Report any job-related injury or illness to the employer and seek treatment promptly
• An unsafe act by a person or an unsafe condition does not always immediately result in an accident/injury.
• The reasons why people commit unsafe acts can serve as helpful guides in selecting corrective actions.
• The severity of an accident is largely fortuitous, and the accident that caused it is largely preventable.
• Management should assume responsibility for safety because it is in the best position to get results.
• Combination theory
• Behavioral theory
Accident Investigation
Need?
• To find the cause of accident
• Compensation to workers
• Ensuring that new and experienced employees receive the safety and health training they need on a continual basis
• Setting a positive example for employees that says “the safe way is the right way.”