Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Yds Grammar
Yds Grammar
BASIC
COLLECTION
LYS-5
w w w. d i l k o y a y i n c i l i k . c o m
Tüm hakkı saklıdır. 5846 ve 2936 sayılı Fikir ve Sanat Eserleri Yasası Hükümleri gereğince yayıncının
yazılı izni olmaksızın bu kitabın tamamı veya bir kısmı elektronik ortam dahil kopya edilemez, çoğaltılamaz.
ISBN: 978-605-9242-20-2
Yayımlayan: Moya Modern Yayınlar ve Eğt. Hiz. Tic. Ltd.Şti. (Sertifika No: 19955)
Eğitim Mah. Poyraz Sok. No:18 Hasanpaşa / İSTANBUL
Tel: (0216) 450 60 30 Faks: (0216) 450 60 34
www.dilkoyayincilik.com
İÇİNDEKİLER
PRONOUNS
A. Subject Pronouns ...................................................................................................................... 7
► I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they
D. Possessive Pronouns................................................................................................................. 9
► mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs
► double possessive
E. Reflexive Pronouns..................................................................................................................... 10
► myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves
REVISION ............................................................................................................................................. 21
Test 1 .................................................................................................................................................... 26
PRONOUNS
TENSES
SIMPLE TENSES
PERFECT TENSES
REVISION ............................................................................................................................................. 96
Test 1 .................................................................................................................................................... 99
MODALS
1. Ability ...................................................................................................................................... 101
► Can, can’t, could, couldn’t, be able to
I me my mine myself
You you your yours yourself
He him his his himself
She her her hers herself
It it its its itself
We us our ours ourselves
You you your yours yourselves
They them their theirs themselves
A. Subject Pronouns
► Cümlede en başta, özne pozisyonunda kullanılan zamirlerdir. Eylemi yapan kişinin isminin yerini
tutar.
• Alice is very hard-working. She always does her homework and studies regularly.
• Martin and Steve want to have a holiday. They are planning to go to Spain.
• My sister and I are interested in music. We regularly buy CDs and go to concerts.
• My father is a photographer. He takes photographs of animals.
• My car has broken down. It doesn’t work at all.
B. Object Pronouns
► Cümlede fiilden sonra, nesne pozisyonunda kullanılan zamirlerdir. Eylemden etkilenen kişinin
isminin yerini tutar.
• My mother wants me to be at home before 5.
• I need to speak to my father. I will tell him the score of the match.
• Jack asked me to go to the theatre with him but I didn’t have time.
• I have looked for my glasses everywhere but I couldn’t find them.
• I can’t find my bag. I think I have lost it.
► ‘One of…’, ‘all of…’, ‘both of…’ gibi miktar bildiren ifadelerden sonra ‘object pronoun’ kullanılır.
• When the teacher asked a question, most of us wanted to answer it. (çoğumuz)
• All partners were invited to the party but only some of them could come. (bazıları)
• Almost all the students were silent. Only one of them wanted to ask a question. (bir tanesi)
• Everybody in the country wants to live in peace. All of them are supporting the peace talks. (Onların
hepsi)
Exercise 2 Look at the pronouns in the following sentences. If the sentence is correct, put a tick
(√). If it is incorrect, underline the mistake and then write the correct version as in the
example.
Example: Helen saw Jack and I dancing at the party last night. I → me
1. Robert told Amy that he would see her that evening. __________
correct
2. Us should drink 6 to 8 glasses of water throughout the day. __________
Us→ We
3. Why don’t you call Emma and invite she to our dinner party? __________
She→ her
4. You should return these books to the library as they are already overdue. __________
Correct
5. Since the antique table was slightly damaged, them sold it to me half-price. __________
them→ they
6. There’s somebody waiting outside to see you. Her didn’t tell her name. Her → She
__________
7. My sister and me are planning to go to a language school in Spain this summer. me → I
__________
8. Although the police chased the suspect, he was able to get away from they. they → them
__________
9. How long have you been waiting for we? we → us
__________
10. Raul’s father was very angry when I told he that I crashed the car. he → him
__________
11. The nervous system allows we to respond to the world around us. we → us
__________
12. All my classmates came to see me when I was in hospital. __________
correct
13. If you have any problems, just tell me and I’ll help you. __________
correct
14. Suzie got very angry with we since we didn’t invite her to the wedding. we → us
__________
15. As children get older, parents should encourage they to make their own decisions. they → them
__________
Exercise 3 Fill in the blanks in the following sentences using a suitable subject pronoun, object
pronoun or possessive adjective.
Example: My sister gave me a pullover as a birthday present, but I didn’t like it.
1. their
Parents should teach ____________ their
children how to take care of ____________ teeth.
2. your
Could you give me ____________ dictionary for a moment, please?
3. your
Eye contact with the audience is an important way of showing ____________ interest in
them
____________.
1. When the show ended, there was complete silence in the room. ____________ clapped.
a) Somebody b) Nobody c) Everybody
2. Would you like ____________ to start with before the main course?
a) something b) anywhere c) everything
4. I went into that shop yesterday, but there was ____________ worth buying there.
a) everything b) anything c) nothing
7. Almost ____________ was happy with the results. They were all laughing and joking with each
other.
a) everyone b) no one c) anything
8. ____________ in the class, except for George, has handed in his report so far.
a) Everything b) Somewhere c) Nobody
11. Many people buy one tube of sunscreen and keep it available for ____________ in the family.
a) everyone b) something c) no one
13. Back injuries can happen to ____________ and severely affect the quality of life.
a) somewhere b) nobody c) anyone
14. Of all the people I’ve met so far, ____________ is more important to me than you.
a) everything b) nobody c) something
16. There is ____________ at the door. Can you please open it?
a) somebody b) no one c) somewhere
17. Is there ____________ who would like to go to the rock concert with me?
a) anything b) everyone c) anyone
18. I’d love to help, but I don’t understand ____________ about computers.
a) anywhere b) anything c) nothing
19. ____________ called you last night, but he didn’t tell me his name.
a) Someone b) Everybody c) Nobody
► ‘Each other’ ve ‘one another’ yapıları bir eylemin işteş olduğunu, yani eylemin karşılıklı olarak
yapıldığını anlatır.
• Laura and James love each other. (Laura ve James birbirlerini seviyorlar.)
• We kissed each other and said good-bye. (Birbirimizi öptük ve vedalaştık.)
Exercise 11 Complete the following sentences with each other or a suitable reflexive pronoun.
Example: They haven’t spoken to each other since they quarrelled last night.
1. How did you like the chocolate cake? I made it ____________.
myself
2. My wife and I first met ____________
each other while we were both living in New York.
3. Kate and Fernandez love ____________
each other and they are going to get married next month.
4. He is too young to look after ____________.
himself
5. Mr Bernard ____________
himself offered me the job yesterday.
6. Amy and Helen are close friends, so they always tell ____________
each other all their problems.
7. The house ____________
itself is not in a good condition, but its garden is perfect.
8. The students were fighting with ____________
each other when the teacher came in.
9. My ex-girlfriend and I tried to avoid seeing ____________
each other at the party last night.
10. Did you paint the whole house by ____________?
yourself
► Hem sıfat hem de zamir olarak kullanılabilirler. Sıfat olarak kullanıldıklarında ‘this’ ve ‘that’ tekil,
‘these ve ‘those’ ise çoğul isimlerin başına gelir.
• This book is mine. / This is mine.
• These books are mine. / These are mine.
► Ayrıca ‘this’ ve ‘these’ zaman ve mesafe açısından yakınlığı, ‘that’ ve ‘those’ ise uzaklığı anlatır.
Zaman ifadesi olarak kullanıldıklarında ‘this’ ve ‘these’ present tense’leri, ‘that’ ve ‘those’ past
tense’leri işaret eder.
• Those girls over there are my friends. (Şuradaki kızlar benim arkadaşım.) (Mesafe olarak uzak)
• I am reading a book by Dickens these days. (Bu günlerde Dickens’ın bir kitabını okuyorum.) (Zaman
olarak yakın.)
Exercise 14 Read the texts below and decide which answer (a, b or c) best fits each space.
A.
Perhaps, the most complex organ of the human body is the brain.
Although (1) ---- structure is similar to those of (2) ---- mammals, (3) ----
is significantly three times larger in size than that of a typical mammal.
Brain is also very complex since (4) ---- contains 50 - 100 billion neurons.
Out of (5) ----, 90% are cortical pyramidal cells which pass the signals to
(6) ---- with the help of around 100 trillion synaptic connections.
1. a) it b) its c) itself
2. a) another b) others c) other
3. a) its b) its own c) it
4. a) it b) its c) it’s
5. a) their b) them c) they
6. a) other b) some other c) each other
B.
1. a) it b) its c) it’s
2. a) theirs b) they c) their
3. a) herself b) she c) her
4. a) this b) these c) that
5. a) something b) nothing c) anywhere
6. a) yours b) your c) you
1. others
You should put back the books you have read before you take out ____________________.
2. Women routinely compliment ____________________
each other even in job interviews.
3. There isn’t ____________________
another train for at least two hours so it would be better for you to take a
taxi.
4. There are two cakes left in the plate; eat whichever one you like and leave ____________________
the other
for whoever comes in later.
5. The left shoe is a bit tight, but ____________________
the other fits fairly well.
6. Sandy, who is eight years old, is confined to a wheelchair and her dream is to walk like
____________________
other children when she goes out to play.
7. other
You need insurance for your car, house and ____________________ valuables in your house.
8. In every language, there are often words that have the same meaning and it’s actually possible to
the others
substitute one for ____________________.
9. We need to walk ____________________
another two kilometres to reach the hotel.
10. I have five fingers. The first one is my thumb. ____________________
Another is my forefinger. Two
others
____________________ the other
are my middle and ring fingers. And ____________________ is my pinky.
11. I didn’t like this sweater. Do you have ____________________
another one?
others
12. I don’t mind what ____________________ think. I only care about your thoughts.
13. I wanted to talk to any one of the secretaries. One of them was absent. ____________________
The others
were having lunch so I had to wait for half an hour for them to finish it.
another
14. Can you wait ____________________ ten minutes for me before going to lunch?
the other
15. John and Josh are twin brothers. It is very difficult to tell one from ____________________.
16. While some people prefer to celebrate their birthdays giving big parties, some
____________________
others do not like celebrating them.
another
17. John and ____________________ student whose name I don’t know are waiting for you outside.
18. Mr Smith wanted to talk to me about two important matters. We talked about one but we didn’t have
enough time to discuss ____________________.
the other
the other
19. Jane is better than all ____________________ students in her class.
another
20. Would you like to have ____________________ piece of cake?
1. Dogs make better pets than cats because they understand and obey their masters but cats like to
their
lead ____________________ own life.
2. the one
I have never read a story that interested me so much as ____________________ I read last night.
3. yourselves
Please help ____________________ with the cocktails as I have to welcome the guests at the door.
4. somewhere
Let’s go ____________________ warm and sunny for our holiday. I’m fed up with the rain and grey
weather.
5. itself
The film ____________________ wasn’t very good but I liked the songs in it.
6. them
Children learn faster if the teacher praises ____________________.
7. their
Many athletes had to stop competing very young, as ____________________ performances weren’t
good enough.
8. Throughout history, a solar eclipse has been a fearful experience, especially in the days when people
its
didn’t know ____________________ cause.
9. another
Don’t worry, I’m not leaving. I’ve decided to stay for ____________________ two weeks.
10. themselves
I hate people who only think of ____________________. They are totally selfish.
11. herself
Jenny must be proud of ____________________ as she has won the competition.
12. nothing
My little brother is going to bed early today because he has got ____________________ to do and he
is bored.
13. ones
The new designs are much better than the old ____________________.
14. yourself
You must do your homework ____________________. Otherwise you won’t learn.
15. If ____________________
someone wants a ticket for the concert, they can get it from my office.
2. After her husband’s serious accident, she explained that she would devote hers to him.
(hers → herself)
3. Of all the questions in the exam, the first one was the easiest. Nobody was able to do it very quickly.
(Nobody → Everybody)
4. As it was the first time we came together, we were a bit nervous but later we introduced us to each
other. (us → ourselves)
5. Whenever I phone her, she is always at home. Surprisingly, she never seems to go nowhere.
(nowhere → anywhere)
6. Jane couldn’t have been the girl you saw because she had been with myself until about 11 p.m. that
evening. (myself → me)
7. I finally decided that something I ate made me sick. It could be the chicken I ate at the restaurant.
(correct)
8. In addition to its colourful pages, the dictionary has more than 50.000 entries with clear explanations.
(correct)
9. Scientists say that smoking may increase one’s chances of developing lung cancer. (correct)
10. The car showed their true qualities on the highway, on which it was possible to drive up to 150
kilometres per hour. (their → its)
11. He is very old, so you must not expect him to be able to look after him. (him → himself)
12. A friend of my father’s is a painter. He painted this portrait of my. (my → mine)
8. This is not the only answer to the question. There are _____________.
a) the others b) others c) another
10. He was a wonderful teacher. Everyone agreed it would be hard to find ____________ one like him.
a) another b) other c) the other
11. There are three pieces of fruit in my basket. One is an orange, one is a lemon and
_____________ is an apple.
a) others b) the other c) another
13. There are four girls in my apartment. Two are called Casey and Amber. _____________ are
Joanne and Lindsey.
a) Others b) The others c) The other
14. There are several holidays in Brazil. One is Independence Day and _____________ are
Children’s Day and Teacher’s Day.
a) some others b) another c) the other
15. My friend has two cars. One is black and _____________ is red.
a) another b) the other c) the others
16. My mom speaks two languages. One is English and _____________ one is French.
a) others b) the other c) another
17. There are eight pets in my house. Six are cats and _____________ are dogs.
a) others b) the other c) the others
18. There are 50 states in the United States. One is North Carolina and _____________ are Virginia
and Kentucky.
a) the others b) some others c) the other
19. My neighbour has four kids. One of them is a boy and _____________ are girls.
a) the others b) other c) the other
20. There are three books in my backpack. One is a maths book and __________ are chemistry books.
a) others b) another c) the others
1. Digital cameras capture ____________ memories and store ____________ in the best quality
ever.
a) us / their b) ours / them c) our / them
2. Honey bees are distinguished by ____________ ability to produce and store honey.
a) their b) them c) theirs
3. Wheezing and breathlessness are typical symptoms of asthma, and ____________ symptoms
include chest tightness and coughing.
a) others b) another c) other
5. Flowers can be quite difficult to maintain, especially if you want to keep ____________ fresh
naturally.
a) them b) theirs c) they
6. When I asked George what he was thinking about Mary, he didn’t say ____________ .
a) anything b) nothing c) somewhere
7. Some dogs are naturally peaceful and quiet while ____________ are dominant and aggressive.
a) the other b) others c) other
9. ____________ answered the question correctly; that’s why, the teacher got angry with us.
a) Anybody b) Nobody c) Everybody
10. Like technological innovations, electronics significantly affects ____________ everyday lives.
a) our b) ours c) ourselves